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Pibrary of the Museum

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COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY,

AT HARVARD COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE, MASS. | | Pounded by private subscripifon, in L861.

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_ From the Library of LOUIS AGASSIZ.

OTIA CONCHOLOGICA:

DESCRIPTIONS

SHELES AND MOLLUSKS,

FROM 1839 TO 1862.

BY

AUGUSTUS A. GOULD, M.D.

BOSTON: GO Ur, D A NUD tN COs N; 59 WASHINGTON STREET.

*™* MM DOCC LXII.

PRESS OF GEO. C. RAND & AVERY, 3 CORNHILL, BOSTON.

PREFACE.

Tue following pages are fhe result of studies in Conchology, pursued as a diversion during the casual moments which inter- vene in the daily routine of business. They are the product of leisure moments in active professional life, —or1a,— and, indeed, to no small extent, of moments stolen from sleep. Short papers, from time to time, have been published in several periodicals. Extra copies of the sheets relating to the Shells of the Explor- ing Expeditions under Captains Wilkes and Rodgers were secured as they were originally printed. This will account for the diver- sity of type and paper which appears in the volume.

To obviate the difficulty of possessing or consulting numerous volumes, I have collected and reprinted, in addition, all the de- scriptions I have hitherto published; making also such emenda- tions as the advance of science during this lapse of time demands.

The dates of each imprint will be found at pages 100, 178, or

connected with the title of each extract.

Boston, April, 1862.

EXPEDITION SHELLS; DESCRIBED FOR THE WORK OF THE UNITED STATES EXPLORING EXPEDITION COMMANDED BY CHARLES WILKES, U.S.N.,

DURING THE YEARs 1838—1842.

SHELLS

OF THE

NORTH PACIFIC EXPLORING EXPEDITION

UNDER COMMANDERS RINGGOLD AND RODGERS.

COLLECTANEA:

DESCRIPTIONS OF SHELLS AND MOLLUSKS,

REPRINTED FROM VARIOUS SCIENTIFIC PERIODICALS, WITH REVISIONS.

1839—1862.

RECTIFICATIONS.

EXPEDITION SHELLS:

DESCRIBED FOR THE WORK OF THE

UNITED STATES EXPLORING EXPEDITION,

COMMANDED BY CHARLES WILKES, U.S.N.

DURING THE YEARS 1838— 1842,

By AUGUSTUS A. GOULD, M.D.

[FROM THE ‘‘ PROCEEDINGS OF THE BOSTON SOCIETY OF NATURAL HISTORY.” ]

BOSTON: PRINTED BY FREEMAN AND BOLLES. 1846.

The collection of Shells brought home by the United States Exploring Expe- dition, on its return in 1842, was very extensive, and a large number of the species were then unknown to science. Many of these latter have been since described in Europe from specimens derived from other sources ; and hence can no longer be claimed as additions made to science by the Expedition.

To avoid, as much as possible, a continued subtraction from the credit of dis- covery due to the Expedition, it has been determined to publish brief descriptions of the new Shells, as they are prepared from time to time, in the “ Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History,” from which these pages are extracted.

In the absence of a complete library and of collections containing authentic specimens, as well as from the difficulty of deciding between species and varieties without the opportunity of collecting, it is too much to expect that some of the descriptions may not prove to have been anticipated ; and these the writer would be thankful to have pointed out.

In the volume under preparation, more extended descriptions of the shells, together with descriptions of the animals of these and of many other species, will be given, and be fully illustrated by figures.

The names to which “Couthouy MS.” is appended were given by Mr. J. P. Couthouy, the conchologist of the Expedition, in his manuscript notes.

Boston, 1846.

EXPEDITION SHELLS.

Cuiton ticnosus. ‘Testa solidula, ovata, tectiformis, csia, lineolis fuscis inequalibus subradiantibus marmorata, systemate duplici punctorum majorum et punctorum minorum impressa ; valvis planulatis, angulatis, sine rostris; areis lateralibus haud elevatis, vix distinctis; valva anteriori parva; valva posteriori vix umbonataé: intus eruginosa. Long. 13, lat. % poll. Hab. Puget Sound.

Has the form of C. setiger, and somewhat the coloring of C. fulvus, Wood. It is also allied to C. tulipa, Quoy.

CuiTon quercinus. Testa depressa, ovalis, vix carinata, quer- cina, maculis olivaceis nubeculata ; valvis subrostratis ; areis late- ralibus vix elevatis, longitudinaliter sulcatis, sulcis incumbentibus et sulco radiante bisectis; areis centralibus ad latera lineis rugosis longitudinaliter sculptis, ad dorsum punctatis ; valva anteriori sulcis concentricis et sulcis radiantibus remotioribus decussata ; valva posteriori prope marginem umbonata ; margine lato, pruinoso, flavescente. Long. 3, lat. 2 poll. Hab. New South Wales.

Allied to C. foveolatus, Sowerby.

Cuiton sucosus. ‘Testa ovalis, carinata, tectiformis, nitida, coloribus pallidé et saturaté herbeis variegata ; valvis planulatis, ad apices adunco-acuminatis; areis lateralibus prominentibus, et lineo- lis confertis parallelis viridibus longitudinaliter notatis; areis cen- tralibus sulcis acutis parallelis longitudinaliter aratis, sed ad ver- ticem simplicibus et minutissimé punctatis ; valva anteriori con- centricé lineolata; valva posteriori umbonata, prope marginem concentricé lineolata, preter aream terminalem triangularem

4

luteolam ; margine granulato, fasciis ceruleis et viridibus limbato : intus pallidé virescens. Long. 1, lat. 2 poll. Hab. New South Wales.

Resembles C. Siculus, which, however, has radiating lines on the lateral areas.

CuiTon FRuticosus. Testa ovalis, valdé elongata, transversim arcuata, omnino textiliter punctata, olivacea, maculis minutis saturatioribus fulgurantibus variegata ; valvis haud rostratis ; areis lateralibus prominentibus, et lineis elevatis interruptis ramosis ra- diatis ; areis centralibus lineis longitudinalibus rugosis, ad latera profundis, ad dorsum evanidis et arcuatis sculptis ; area posteriori magna, umbonata, lineis inconspicuis, interdum divaricatis, radi- ata: intus flavo-olivacea: ligamentum latum, pallidum, minutis- simé granulatum. Long. 13, lat. 8 poll. Hab. New South Wales.

Resembles fig. 61 of Sowerby’s Conch. Illustr., which is said to be a variety of C. Indicus, but which has no ramose sculpture on the lateral areas.

CuiTon pLaTEssa. ‘Testa parva, tenuis, elongato-ovalis, trans- versim arcuata, citrino-olivacea, ubique minutissimé punctata ; areis lateralibus parvis, vix elevatis, lineis 2-3 inconspicuis striatis ; areis centralibus lineis confertis acutis granulatis arcuatim decus- satis; valva posticd magna, obscuré radiata; margine virente, fusco tessellato, minutissimé granulato: intus czruleo-virescens. Long. 7, lat. .9; poll. Hab. New South Wales.

Similar in its general aspect to C. frulicosus, but smaller, smoother, and the sculpture of the lateral areas and terminal valves entirely different. It is almost exactly like fig. 67 of the * Conchological Illustrations.”

CuHiron JASPIDEUS. ‘Testa ovata, tenuis, carinata, ubique mi- nutissimé punctata, coloribus rosaceis plus minusve saturatis picta; areis centralibus lineis minutis granosis confertissimé stri- atis ; areis lateralibus indistinctis, et lineis 3 ad 4 sparsé granu- osis radiatim notatis ; valvis terminalibus granoso-striatis, postica excavata; margine coriaceo, pruinoso. Long. 1, lat. 375 poll. Hab. Callao.

Resembles, in size, shape, and sculpture, C. apiculatus, Say ; but the sculpture is more delicate, and the color, resembling some varieties of jasper, is quite distinctive.

5

Cuiton pruinosus. ‘Testa parva, oblongo-elliptica, convexo- elevata, subcarinata, coloribus variis olivaceis, cinereis, et fusco- rubris irrorata et maculata; areis centralibus sub lente omnino quincuncialiter punctatis; areis lateralibus longitudinaliter im- bricato-striatis : intus virescens: margo minutissimé granulatus, coloribus fuscis et cinereis tessellatus. Long. 7%, lat. 3% poll. Hab. Rio Janeiro.

The sculpture of this very variably-colored species is suffi- ciently characteristic. Between the striz are usually found minute pores, probably produced by some parasite.

CuiTon viripuLus, (Cournovy MS.) Testa tenuis, oblongo- ovata, dilutissime olivacea, ad dorsum sub-carinata, utrinque sub- canaliculata, ubique sub lente quincuncialiter insculpta; areis centralibus et lateralibus parum distinctis ; lineis incrementi prope marginem conspicuis ; valvis terminalibus leviter radiatis: margo minutissimé squamatus. Long. 2, lat. 3 poll. Hab. Orange Harbor.

Cuiton puniceus, (Cournovy MS.) Testa parva, oblongo- elliptica, elevata, ad dorsum carinata, punctatissima, punicea, gradibus zetatis conspicuis obtusis signata: areis lateralibus pre- rupte elevatis, et sparsim granulatis; areis centralibus costulis longitudinalibus parallelis ad 6, plerumque ad medium dislocatis, clathratis ; valva posteriori rostro parvulo acuto et septo transver- sali notato: ligamentum minutissimé imbricatum, adversum su- turas albido fasciatum. Long. 3, lat. 33, poll. Hab. Orange Harbor.

Very much resembles C. ruber, Lowe.

Cuiton conFrossus. Testa parva, ovata, fastigiata, pallida, roseo et incarnato concinné variegata; valvis rostratis; areis lateralibus elevatis, serie posticd squamarum et serie obliqua squamarum majorum ad apicem spectantium finitis ; intervallo levigato, et granulis paucis annulatis sparso; areis centralibus plerumque leevibus sed punctis sparsis triangularibus retrospec- tantibus confossis ; valva posteriori valdé gibbosa, umbone feré terminali, dentibus insertionis 9, et ad valvam anteriorem 25, pec- tinatis: margine fusco, carnoso. Long. 3, lat. poll. Hab. Fee- jee Islands.

Allied to C. scu/ptus, Sowb., which has three lateral rays and the central areas smooth.

6

CHITON PETALOIDES. Testa parva, tenuis, ovalis, arcuatim elevata, subcarinata, diluté citrina ; areis lateralibus elevatis, ru- gosé granulatis, et striis radiantibus ad 4 insculptis ; areis centra- libus longitudinaliter rugosé granulato-punctatis, et lineolis tenu- issimis angulatis diluté violaceis pictis; valva posteriori acuté umbonata et costa transversali divisa : margo stramineus, minutis- simé granulato-imbricatus. Long. 3, lat. 2 poll. Hab. Sand- wich Islands.

A very beautiful and peculiar shell, its markings resembling the venated petals of some flowers.

CHITON DENTIENS. ‘Testa minima, ovata, carinata, olivacea, ad dorsum albido fulminata, omnind minutissimé granulata ; areis vix distinctis ; valvis rostratis postice subdenticulatis, dentibus albi- dis: margo pruinosus. Long. 4, lat. 54 poll. Hab. Puget Sound.

Resembles C. alternatus, Sowb., which, however, has radiating ribs upon its lateral areas and terminal valves.

Catron 1ncanus. ‘Testa solida, oblongo-ovalis, valdé convexa, cinereo et nigro variegata, concentricé undulato-striata, granulis sparsis nigris aspersa, ad dorsum subcarinata et longitudinaliter nigro bifasciata; areis lateralibus vix distinctis: margo aculeis inequalibus curtis curvatis nigris et canescentibus indutus. Long. 1, lat. ? poll. Hab. New South Wales.

Like C. piceus, Gray, in general appearance, and still more like C. petholatus, which has a hairy margin.

Cuiton muscosus. ‘Testa ovalis, depressa, scabra, ad dorsum obtusa, cinereo bifasciata et plumosé striata; valvis magnis, latera- liter disjunctis ; areis lateralibus parvis, granulis subquadratis radi- antibus arcuatim tessellatis ; areis centralibus sulcis acutis confertis flexuosis subparallelis longitudinaliter aratis ; valva antica magna, semicirculari, decemcostata et granulis subquadratis insculpta ; valva posteriori parva, costa transversali inconspicua subtermi- nali: margo latus, filis corneis inequalibus muscosis indutus. Long. 2, lat. 11 poll. Hab. Puget Sound.

Allied to C. brevispinosus, but its sculpture and margin are quite distinct.

PATELLA TALcosA. ‘Testa magna, solida, ponderosa, ovato- rotundata, depressa, costulis radiantibus numerosis sub-equalibus

7

rotundatis flexuosis instructa, vertice sub-centrali, colore satu- raté cinnamomea ; facies interna talcoso-argentata, purpureo tincta ; callo centrali crasso, albo, spatuliformi, ad marginem radiato; impressione musculari lato, profundo: margo crenulatus. Long. 4, lat. 34, alt. 12 poll. Hab. Hawaii, Sandwich Islands.

The colors of the interior, in small specimens, are very rich, and the shell is of a rounded shield-like form, like P. testudinaria, attaining sometimes a very large size, larger than any other spe- cies except P. pyramidata.

PaTELLA SAGITTATA. Testa tenuis, translucida, ovato-rotundata, depressa, fusco-viridis, nigro obscuré radiata, subtilissimé granu- loso-striata, apice antico, acuto, incumbente ; margine integro: facies interna argentea, cum reflexionibus succineis, et interdum fusco radiata ; fundo (luce transmisso) elegantissimé reticulato, et maculis sagittatis radiato. Long. 14, lat. 1,4, alt. 2. Hab. Feejee Islands.

This delicate and beautiful species is allied to P. testudinaria, but is more depressed and more delicate in all its characters, and its peculiar marking, as seen by transmitted light, like some of the Navicelle, distinguishes it. It was the only species collected at the Feejee Islands.

PATELLA ILLUMINATA. Testa inequilateralis, ovato-conica, fuli- ginosa, maculis sparsis flavidis translucidis illuminata, creberrime radiatim costellata: apertura ovata; facies interna nigro-picea, sericeo splendens ; fundo flavido. Long. 14, lat. 14, alt. 2 poll. Hab. Auckland Islands.

In shape like P. argentea, with the interior of P. tramoserica. It may be the young of what is figured by Quoy as P. granu- laris.

PaTELLA FIMBRIATA. ‘Testa elevata, obliqué conica, fusco-pur- purea, cinereo tincta, costulis distantibus rotundatis radiata, costu- lis tuberculos fornicatos in seriebus concentricis instructos geren- tibus ; apice acuto subcentrali : apertura ovata, limbo lato, nigro pectinato: facies interna nitida, ceeruleo-alba, secundum costulos radiata, fundo saturatiori. Long. 12, lat. 32, alt. .. Hab. Straits of De Fuca.

Much like a small P. granularis in shape. The undulations within, corresponding to the ribs, are marked with unusual dis-

8 :

tinctness. Its ribbed surface and destitution of striae distinguish it from all the varieties of L. pintadina.

PATELLA CITRULLUS. Testa depresso-conica, sub-equilateralis, translucida, extus rugoso-undulata, prope apicem lineis granuli- feris radiata, pallidé olivacea, intus nitida, plumbea, fundo albido : apertura rotundato-ovata; margine expanso, acuto. Long. 13, lat. 1}, alt. 3 poll. Hab. Funchal, Madeira.

This shell resembles somewhat the skin of a cucumber, exter- nally. he radiating stricee occupy the upper half of the shell, and the lower half is somewhat imbricated by the stages of growth. It is somewhat like P. Candei, D’Orb.

PaTELLA Paumorensis. Testa solida, albido-cinerea, ovalis, depresso-conica, apice sub-centrali, costis acutis radiantibus irre- gularibus ad 40 instructa: facies interna alba vel diluté incarnata ; impressione musculari callosa, alba vel citrina ; area centrali fer- ruginea vel incarnescente : margo costis dentatus, spatiis inter- costalibus fusco tinctis. Long. 12, lat. 14, alt. 4 poll. Feejee’s. Long. 13, lat. 1}, alt. 2 poll. Wilson’s I. Long. 14, lat. 1, alt. 2 poll. Rose I.

Allied to P. tramoserica, but its colors are generally dull and dead, instead of silky. Generally, eight or ten of the ribs are more prominent than the rest The prevailing color of the in- terior is that of ripe muskmelon. Sometimes there are dusky spots between the ribs, It seems to be found at all the islands of the Paumotu group, and as far as Taheiti.

PaTELLA Lucrvosa. Testa obliqué conica, crassa, vertice eccentrica, obscuré olivacea, interdum sanguineo tincta, costis ma- joribus ad 12 rotundatis, scabrosis, pallidis, minoribus quibusdam interjectis: apertura ovalis; margine crenulato: facies interna livida, reflexionibus succineis micans ; limbo fasciis fuscis et al- bidis inequalibus alternantibus radiato. Long. 1}, lat. 1, alt. 3 poll. Hab. New Zealand.

Unusually rough and irregular of surface, not unlike coarse specimens of P. vulgata, but the interior sometimes rivals P. tra- moserica.

PATELLA PIPERATA. ‘T'esta scabrida, obliqué conico-depressa,

olivacea, costato-striata, costis majoribus pallidioribus cum lineis saturatioribus interruptis aspersis, apice eccentricaé, acuta: aper-

9

{ura ovata; margine crenulato; facies interna livida, fundo ferru- gineo, radiis albidis insigni. Long. 14, lat. 495, alt. poll. Hab. Cape de Verds and Madeira.

Somewhat like what I suppose to be P. scutellaris, from the Mediterranean, especially its interior, but more elevated and less elongated.

PATELLA INSTABILIS. ‘Testa olivaceo-cervina, elongata, ele- vata, ad latera compressa, creberrime radiatim striata, apice sub- centrali, obtusa, castanea : apertura oblongo-elliptica ; margine integro: facies interna lactea. Long. 14, lat. 44, alt. 38, poll. Hab. Puget Sound.

Resembles P. compressa, but is more smooth and solid, and the apex more nearly central. It may have derived its form from being attached to some arched body.

PATELLA CINNAMOMEA. ‘Testa parva, ovalis, convexa, tenuis, cinnamomea, cum striis radiantibus, tenuibus, confertissimis, im- bricato-asperis, apice acuto, antico, ad marginem valde decli- nato; aperture margine anterior! excurvato, intus costa alba marginali munito. Long. 3, lat. 3, alt. 4 poll. Hab. New South Wales.

Closely allied to P. Galathea, Lam. which, however, is snow- white, more circular, the apex more central, and the strie much coarser.

PaTELLA conica. Testa parva, conoidea, elevata, valde regu- laris, inornata, vel lineolis obsoletis radiantibus et concentricis striata ; colore luteo-cinereo: apertura rotundata, margine sim- plici, limbo marginali planato. Long. 48, lat. 3, alt. 3 poll. Hab. Puget Sound.

Similar to P. scurra, Lesson, but is more elevated, less sym- metrical, and more delicate in structure and markings, especially in the radiating striz.

Lorria pintapina. Testa diversissimé figurata et picta, tenuis, ovato-rotundata, radiatim et confertim striata, smaragdina, inter- dum fuscescens vel cinerascens, maculis crebris albidis tessellata aut radiata ; apice plerumque sub-centrali, plus minusve elevata : facies interna ceeruleo-albida, nitens ; fundo piceo; limbo lato, piceo et albido tessellato. Long. 2, lat. 12, alt. 2 poll. Had.

Straits of De Fuca, Puget Sound, and Mouth of Columbia River. 2

10

This very variable species is the analogue of L. testudinalis of the North Atlantic waters, though larger. Two well-marked varieties may be noted. One tessellated with about equal pro- portions of green and whitish, the interior marginal limb broad and tessellated, the dark color predominating. In the other the colors are arranged rather in stripes, the internal limb is nar- rower, and the light color predominates. Very probably L. scu- tum, Esch. is only another variety.

Lorria cymsBrota. ‘Testa solida, depresso-conica, arcuata (apice eccentrica) glauco et fusco-olivaceo radiata, radiatim cre- berrimé puncto-striata: apertura elliptica, margine minutissimé crenulato: facies interna, albida, Cae aOm per ; limbo lato, fusco et albo tessellato. Long. +9, lat. 75, alt. 335 poll. Hab. Bay of Valparaiso.

A small, rather smooth shell, arched in every direction, in consequence of attaching itself to other se When fresh it is very prettily radiated.

Paretta (Lorria?) Textitis. Testa depressa, obliqué conica ; apice anteriori, acuto; costis latis, elevatis, subplanulatis, nodosis ad 15 radiantibus; epidermide viridi, punctis albidis quadratis reticulato: basi ovato-rotundato, limbo marginali albido et fusco- viridi fimbriato: facies interior albida; fundo piceo. Long. 1, lat. 2, alt. 335 poll. Had. Straits of De Fuca and Killimook.

Like some varieties of P. viridula; but its base is less orbicu- lar, its color is darker green, and the reticulations are finer and less in zigzag ; the ribs are less numerous, nodular, and not paler. Its remote locality favors the idea of its being distinct.

Paretia (Lorria?) scapra. Testa parva, scabra, per-inequila- teralis, obliqué arcuato-conica, pallidé virens, nigro diversemodé virgata, costis radiantibus scabrosis ad 15 ornata; basi ovata: facies interna albida; fundo piceo, limbo marginali viridulo et piceo fimbriato. Long. , lat. §, alt. ? poll. Hab. San Fran- cisco.

About the same size, and may be only a variety, of P. tertilis. Its arched form, rough surface, coarse black stripes, and different locality, seem to warrant its separation.

Paretia (Lorria?) arangosa. ‘Testa parva, tenuis, depresso- conica, sub-equilateralis, leevis, pallidé virescens, ramulis rubigi-

11

nosis araneosis reticulata: facies interna albida; margine sim- plici, acuto; limbo marginali planulato, rubiginoso, radicoso. Long. §, lat. 4, alt. ¢ poll. Hab. Sooloo Sea.

A pretty little shell, most probably a Lottia, resembling some of the species figured by Quoy, especially his orbicularis. In- deed it is so like the reticulated variety figured in PI. LXXI. fig. 33, that the examination of a more extensive series might show them to be identical.

SipHonaria cornuta. ‘Testa rudis, fuliginosa, valdé depressa, per-inequilateralis, radiatim striata, apice submediano, costis ad 15 inequalibus, ultra marginem prolongatis, precipueé costa supra- siphonali: cavitas parva, minime profunda, dextrorsum effusa ; limbo marginali expanso, albo, vel fusco inter costas radiato. Long. 1, lat. 37, alt. 4 poll. Hab. Mangsi.

Allied to S. atra, to which it may possibly be traced by its va- rieties ; but it is more elongated, less symmetrical, and the ribs, which are much more numerous on the left than on the right side, surpass the margin to a much greater extent.

SIPHONARIA INcULTA. ‘Testa parva, crassa, irregularis, de- presso-conica, costulis 20-24 radiata; apice sub-centrali: cavitas profunda, latere sinistro precipiti, latere dextro declivi; fundo fusco nubeculato ; cicatrice musculari profunda ; limbo marginali expanso, sericeo, hepatico; margine costulis dentato. Long. zo; lat. $4, alt. ¢ poll. Had. New Zealand.

A small, rugged-looking species, easily distinguished by its irregular, one-sided form, and its liver-brown interior.

SIPHONARIA LATERALIS, (CourHouy MS.) ‘Testa parva, fra- gilis, inequilateralis, perobliqua, oblongo-ovalis, olivacea, sursum fuscescens, costulis radiantibus ad 25 obtusis, nodosis, subequali- bus: intus hepatica ; cicatrice musculari inconspicua. Long. 3, lat. 2, alt. + poll. Had. Burnt Island, Orange Harbor.

This might be regarded as the young of 8. Lessoni. But be- sides essential differences in the animal, the great inequality of the two sides, the peculiar position of the apex and the more coarse and nodular ribs, give it a peculiar character.

SIPHONARIA LEPIDA. ‘Testa parva, tenuis, ovato-rotundata, depresso-conica, cinereo-olivacea interdum violaceo tincta ; apice submediano, obtuso ; costis radiantibus numerosis depressis, quo-

12

rum ad 12 majoribus, albicantibus ; striis incrementi confertis, laxis: intus livida, albido radiatim lineata ; margine vix crenulato, pallescente. Long. 3%, lat. 3%, alt. 38; poll. Hab. Rio Janeiro.

Allied to 8. plicata, Quoy, which, however, is described as solid, its summit recurved, its ribs equal, its interior pale horn color, radiated with pairs of reddish lines, and is found at Tonga- taboo.

SIPHONARIA NorMALIS. ‘Testa parva, tenuis, symmetrica, basi rotundata, elevato-conica, fusco-cinerea, creberrimeé costato-stri- ata, striis subequalibus : subtus fundo castaneo, limbo marginali mustelino, cicatrice bené impresso; margine acuto, ad canalem siphonalem angulato, albido lineolato. Long. 345, lat. 3%, alt. 33, poll. Hab. Sandwich Islands.

A small, delicate species, very different from any I have seen. Its circular base, regular conical form, very numerous rib-striz, and peculiar pale chocolate color distinguish it.

Emarcinuta ASPeRA. ‘Testa parva, tenuis, depresso-conica, fuliginosa ; costis elevatis quadratis plerumque duplicibus ad 10 albidis, ad intervallos striis crebris decussantibus exasperatis ; vertice subcentrali, acuto, recurvo: intus glauca, albido radiata ; margine denticulato: incisura angusta, profunda, intus in cana- lem versus apicem producta. Long. +45, lat. 3%, alt. 3 poll. Hab. Sydney, New South Wales.

Much like E. rugosa, Quoy, in size and form, but differs in color, sculpture, and the larger size of the notch.

EMARGINULA FUNGINA. ‘Testa parva, solidula, elliptica, cine- reo-virens ; costis radiantibus, parvulis, quarta quaque majori, rotundatis; apice mediani, erecto: intus viridula, cicatrice mus- culari intrinsecus atri-limbata ; margine smaragdino, eleganter crenulato : incisura lata, modicé profunda, intus in canalem ad verticem producta. Long. J, lat. 3, alt. + poll. Hab. Upolu.

A very pretty species, somewhat resembling E. parmophoidea, Quoy, but differs in the dark coloring along the inner margin of the muscular impression, forming the figure of a toadstool, and in the greater development of the notch.

EmarGInuLa osseA. Testa crassa, rudis, albida, quadrangulari-

elliptica, costis radiantibus numerosis inequalibus acutis, et striis incrementi decussata ; basi arcuato, margine crenulato; cicatrice

15

musculari bené impressa: incisura haud profunda, intus vix in canalem producta. Long. 4%, lat. 9, alt. 3% poll. Hab. Feejee Islands.

Allied to E. australis, Quoy, but is much smaller and less

deeply checkered.

EMARGINULA CINEREA. ‘Testa cinerea, E. osseo similis, sed tenuior, altior, magis disposité et delicaté clathrata: cicatrice musculari inconspicua: incisura minimé profunda, in canalem interiorem valdé insignem producta. Long. 3, lat. 4, alt. ® poll. Hab.

Similar to the preceding, but far less solid, and much more regularly and delicately cross-barred; and if the size of the notch, the development of its canal, and the depth of the muscu- lar impression, are important characters, they are certainly distinct species.

FISSURELLA CRATITIA. ‘Testa solida, elevata, ovalis, albida, radiis fuscis ad 16 picta, lineis elevatis radiantibus et concentricis sub-equalibus profundé imbricato-cancellata : apice sub-central1, intus alba; margine inequaliter crenulato: foramen apicalis sub- rotunda. Long. 2, lat. 12, alt. + poll. Hab. Puget Sound.

It has the general aspect of F’. maxima, but is sculptured like

F. Greca.

FIssuRELLA VERNA. ‘Testa solida, striata, ovalis, symmetrica, depresso-conica, cinereo-viridescens, atro-purpureo radiata, costis ad 20-30 sub-elevatis, planis, interstitiis adequantibus ; vertice subcentrali, purpureo: fissura parva, ovalis; margine crenato : intus alliacea, fissure limbo radiatim striato, purpureo marginato. Long. 12, lat. 14, alt. 3 poll. Hab. Port Praya, St. Jago Island, Cape de Verds.

Much like F. obtusa, Sowb., but more elongated, and with its ribs, more numerous rays and faintly scolloped margin, as well as its distant locality, it may be regarded as a different species. Some specimens are not rayed, and others are entirely dark purple.

FISSURELLA OCCIDENS. ‘Testa ovata, conica, valdé elevata, radiatim multistriata, fasciis atro-purpureis ad 15 et fasciis rosa- ceis alternantibus radiata, apice subcentrali: apertura ovata : facies interna nivea, margine latiusculo viridulo fusco tessel-

14

lato: fissura ovali-rotundata. Long. 1,%;, lat. 1,4, alt. $3 poll. Hab. Callao.

In shape and color it agrees with F. caffra, Chem., from the Cape of Good Hope, and also with F. Praya, Quoy. It is re- markable for its elevated, conical form, and dark, radiate ex- terior.

Rimvta cucuttata. Testa solida, cinerea, per-inequilateralis, costis ad 40 acutis, compressis, majoribus et minoribus alternanti- bus radiata, et striis concentricis confertis muricata; apice ele- vato, acuto, adunco, prorsum spectante: fissura lanceolata: aper- tura ovata; margine sulcis inequalibus alternantibus crenulato : facies interna porcellana; fornice tenui, simplici, arcuato. Long. 8, lat. 75, alt. $ poll. Hab. Puget Sound. _

A large and curious species, its very inequilateral form giving it the aspect of a Hipponix. It is less elevated in proportion to its base than any other known species. ‘The ribs are very regu- lar, and sometimes still finer rays are found in the interstices.

Rimvuta GALEATA. ‘Testa solida, cinerea, elevata, globoso-coni- ca, apice centrali, acuto, prorsum porrecto, striis filiformibus con- fertis radiata, et striis minoribus concentricis decussata : fissura brevis, fusiformis : apertura rotundato-ovalis ; margine expanso, acuto, minutissimé crenulato ; fornice costa transversali anticé suffulto, fossam trigonalem utroque latere formante. Long. 39, lat. 8, alt. x5 poll. Hab. Puget Sound.

Differs from the preceding in shape, sculpture, and in the in- terior rib, which props the fornix, and forms two pits, which, with the fissure, remind one of the openings for the eyes and nose in the human skull.

Two small species of Rimula were found at Orange Harbor, one of which is probably R. conica, D’Orb., and the other I name R. cocnata, which is similar to the preceding and to R. Noachina, but more depressed. ‘These were found living, and will be again noticed when describing the animal.

CREPIDULA ROSTRIFORMIS. ‘Testa solida, leevis, castanea, ele- vata, recurva, ad basim rotundato-ovalis ; apice postico, adunco: lamina interna parva, alba, profundé sita, versus apicem pene- trans; margine arcuatim sinuato. Jong. ?, lat. 3, alt. 3 poll. Hab. Straits of De Fuca.

15

Iam acquainted with no other species where the apex is so elevated and so remote from the margin of the shell. It looks like a very obtuse-angled bird’s-beak. The specimen examined had numerous rib-like folds on the surface, which were probably caused by its adhesion to some ribbed shell.

CREPIDULA LINGULATA. Testa parva, depressa, obliqua, rotun- data, alba, lineis numerosis crebré divaricantibus radiata, epider- mide pallido induta; apice acuto, libero, prope marginem sito : intus lutescens ; septo linguiformi, excavato, ad medium carina diviso et obliqué protruso, ad latus sinistrum profundé sinuato. Diam, 4, alt. 2 poll. Hab. Puget Sound.

Like C. capensis, Quoy. The only specimen examined seems to have been convex and solid in its early growth, afterwards becoming flat.

CREPIDULA NUMMARIA. ‘Testa tenuis, plana, circularis, alba, striis incrementalibus laxis insculpta, epidermide flavo-cornea induta ; apice vix conspicuo, marginali: septum internum latius quam longum, deorsum fornicatum ; margine flexuoso : cavitas feré nulla. Diam. 2 poll. Hab. Classet.

This very peculiar shell is well characterized by its perfectly flat, circular form. It probably grew within some other shell, and other specimens may be found moulded into a different form. It is separated from C. lingulata by the form of its septum.

CaLyPTR#A FASTIGIATA. ‘Testa parva, tenuis, levis, rotun- data, elevato-conica, concentricé et tenuissimé striata, epider- mide fusescente induta; spira anfract. 3 planulatis, apice sub- mediano, acuto: lamella interna spiralis, striata margine libero ad centrum duplicato, haud appresso, umbilicum parvum efformante. Diam. 3, alt. poll. Hab. Puget Sound.

In shape, size and interior, it scarcely differs from C. pileolus, D’Orb., but that shell is white, has a rough surface, and is radi- ately ribbed about the summit. It also resembles C. squama, Brod.

CaLypTRzA RADIosA. Testa irregularis, tenuis, alba, lucida, ad basim rotundata, obliqué globoso-conica, lineis acutis numero- sis elevatis cum striis tenuissimis intercalariis radiata; apice postico, obtuso: lamella interna elongata, semi-volutata, per- oblique truncata; cornubus lanceolatis ; basi attenuato. Diam. 4, alt. <% poll. Had. Mangsi.

16

Differs from C. equestris, lithedaphus, and other similar spe- cies, in having rather distant, regularly-disposed raised lines, with intervening smaller ones, instead of their being all of uni- form size.

CaLypTREA CHLORINA. ‘Testa irregularis, tenuis, concentricé undosa, lineis elevatis acutis confertis radiata, ad basim subcir- cularis, obliqué pyramidata, epidermide tenui chlorico induta ; apice elevata, posteriori, spirali, cernuo: intus nitida, porcellana ; margine evoluto, acuto ; lamina interiori semi-cyathiformi, brevi, reflexo, obliqué truncato. Long. 3, lat. 585, alt. + poll. Hab. Port Praya, Cape de Verds.

Allied to C. equestris. Its depressed, orbicular and compara- tively regular form, its short cup, and its color, are its character- istics.

Hirronix impricata. ‘Testa solida, oblique elevato-conica, rubescens, costulis acutis radiantibus 40-50, et lamellis concen- tricis concinné imbricato-clathrata ; apice submediano: apertura rotundato-ovata : intus coccinea. Long. 43, lat. 44, alt. 28 poll. Hab. Sandwich Islands.

Most like H. pilosa in sculpture, though the pattern is much coarser. ‘The apex is far more central and elevated. The color of the interior is like H. foliacea, but more intense.

PILEOPSIS CRYSTALLINA. ‘Testa parva, candida, crystallina, nitidissima, semiglobosa, ad basim ovata, sulcis profundis creber- rimis radiantibus acutis insculpta; apice terminali, acuto, vix curvato, submarginali: subtus ad marginem anticé acuminata, posticé septiformis. Long. 3, lat. 2, alt. poll. Hab. Feejee Islands.

The beautiful crystalline, quartz-like lustre of this shell, its deep, regular sulci, and its crepiduloid base very distinctly mark this species.

Hetrx Lapiosa. ‘Testa depresso-conica, subtus convexa, arcté umbilicata, luteo-cornea, pilis sericeis quincuncialiter dispositis undique villosa: spira anfr. 6 convexis, ultimo immodicé cres- cente et pone labrum valdé contracto: apertura angusta, lunata ; labro albo, laté revoluto; fauce livida. Lat. 4%, alt. +4 poll. Hab. Astoria, Oregon.

Closely allied to H. palliata, but is smaller, lacks the tooth on

by

the columella, which, with the greater convexity beneath, and the rapid enlargement of the last whorl near the aperture, are sufficiently distinctive characters. It seems to be nearly like H. Columbiana, Lea, a shell with which I am not acquainted.

Hetix toricata. Testa parva, depressa, flavo-viridis, arcté umbilicata, squamulis crescentiformibus undique loricata, subtus convexa: spira anfr. 54 convexiusculis, arcté volutis, ultimo su- perné ad peripheriam subangulato: apertura contracta, lunata, trilobata, dente laterali, dente basali, et dente columellari lamelli- formi ringens ; peristomate albo, reflexo, callo copioso conjuncto. Lat. 3, alt. 3; poll. Hab. California.

Form much like H. inflecta, but smaller, and teeth less devel- oped. Its peculiar surface, resembling a scaly coat of mail, is highly characteristic.

Heiix pvevia. ‘Testa orbiculato-depressa, obliqué striata, diluté viridi-cornea, umbilico modico canaliculato perforata: spira anfr. 6 convexis, ultimo ad peripheriam rotundato: apertura transversa, obliqué lunata, ad anfractum penultimum unidentata, dente trigono ; labro albo, laté reflexo, ad basim horizontali, um- bilicum aliquanto ambiente. Lat. 4, alt. =% poll. Hab. Ore- gon. ?

Much like H. pedestris, but more solid, and lacks the pecu- liar wrinkling of the epidermis. The lip is more broadly re- flected, and the aperture toothed. Placed by the side df the southern variety of H. palliata, somewhat blanched, it would hardly be distinguished except by the umbilicus.

Heurx cutosa. Testa globulosa, crassa, rudis, sub-perfo- rata, obsoleté carinata, pallidé castanea, colore saturatiori nu- bilata, et interdum fasciata: spira anfr. 6 rotundatis, striatis ; ultimo amplissimo, et obsoleté costato-carinato; sutura profunda : apertura magna, rotundata, fauce livida ; labro modicé reflexo, albido, propé columellam latiore, umbilicum rimatum tegente. Lat. 1,4, alt. 4, apert. 2 poll. Hab. New South Wales.

Remarkable for the great altitude of its outer whorl and its large aperture. It is like H. Californianus in form, H. albola- bris in texture, and H. badia in color.

Heuix ziczac. T. parva, rotundata, depressa, stramineo-albi- da, lineolis obliquis fulminantibus fuscis picta, et laminis acutis 3

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confertis reflexis pilosis lyrata: subtus convexa, umbilico magno scalariformi perforata: spira anfr. 6 convexis, angustis: apertura subcircularis, ad basim subangulata ; labro simplici, propé umbili- cum reflexo. Lat. ;3,, alt. } poll. Hab. New South Wales.

A very beautiful shell, unlike any other described except H. dissimilis, D’Orb., which is larger, more dotted, and is not noted as hairy. In general form, striation, umbilicus, &c., it is like H. striata.

Hetix pepestris. Testa rudis, depresso-globosa, laté perfo- rata, luteo-cornea, ad apicem virens, striis incrementalibus con- spicuis inequalibus, et striis minutissimis confertis volventibus decussata: spira anfr. 54 convexiusculis ; ultimo ventricoso, prope aperturam deflexo : apertura obliqua, transversa, rotundato-luna- ris; peristomate reflexo, albo, ad basim dilatato, juxta columellam sinuato. Lat. 7, alt. + poll. Hab. New South Wales.

It has the shape and aspect of H. zaleta, but is more like H. profunda inferiorly.

Instead of the usual sliding motion of the Helices, the mollusk of this shell flexes its foot into about four vertical undulations, so as to touch the plane of motion at as many points only; and these undulations pass from the head towards the tail, as in the motions of a caterpillar or a millipede.

Hexix stricosa. Testa orbicularis, depressa, scabrata, laté umbilicata, cinereo-grisea vel fuscescente, fasciis linearibus vol- ventibus pallidé fuscis interdum subtus notata: spira anfr. 5 con- vexiusculis ; ultimo angulato et prope aperturam deflexo : apertura circularis; labro simplici, continuo. Lat. 3%, alt. 2 poll. Hab. Interior of Oregon.

Of the shells of this continent, it may be compared with H. alternata in form; but in its opaque and rugged aspect, and in most of its characters, it nearly resembles H. alpina of Europe.

Hettx sporteELLA. ‘Testa planulata, fragilis, nitida, luteo-cor- nea, subtus concaya, laté umbilicata, lineis incrementi conspicuis et lineis volventibus subtilissimis confertim decussata : anfr. 5, ultimo magno; sutura profunda: apertura rotundata, infra suban- gulata ; labro acuto, simplici. Lat. 3, alt. $3 poll. Hab. Puget Sound, Oregon.

Much like H. concava, but has a smaller umbilicus, and larger

19

aperture, and the transverse incisions of the striz are sufficiently distinctive.

Heurx mutata. ‘TT. orbicularis, depressa, tenuis, cerina, infra rotundata: spira anfr. 4 convexis, nitidis, junioribus glabratis, majoribus supra crassi-strialis, subangulatis ; sutura impressa : subtus glabra, sulcis radiantibus remotis radiatim divisa, umbilico modico perforata; apertura ampla, lunata, basi subangulata ; labro simplici. Lat. ;;, alt. 3. Hab. Rio Janeiro.

Not unlike H. alliaria, or small specimens of H. cedlaria, in general aspect; but it is more globose and coarsely rib-striate, like H. Pennsylvanica. It may be H. insignis, D’Orb.

Henix tyrata (Coutnovy MS.). Testa minuta, depressa, rufo-cornea, umbilicata: spira anfr. 4 cylindricis, et striis elevatis confertis lyratis ; sutura canaliculata: apertura circularis ; labro simplici. Lat. 1, alt. =, poll. Hab. Terra del Fuego.

About the size and color of H. rupestris, but more depressed, and with a less expanded umbilicus. It may be H. costellata,

D’Orb.

Heurx pusittus. Testa minuta, tenuis, depressa ; supra ob- liqué striata, albido-virens ; infra viridior, sub-polita, perforata : spira anfr. 4 sub-planulatis ; sutura profunda: apertura circu- laris; labro simplici. Long. 7%, lat. @; poll. Hab. Mountains of Maui, Sandwich Islands.

Scarcely to be distinguished from H. elecirina, Gould, in size and form, but it is more coarsely striated. It is also like H. spi- rillus, but has a much smaller umbilicus.

Hetix saxatitis (Cournouy MS,). Testa parva, sub-globosa, lucida, viridis, infra convexa, umbilico modico perforata, leviter striata: spira anfr. vix 4 cylindricis, cito crescentibus ; sutura ca- naliculata: apertura sub-orbicularis, ampla ; labro simplici, feré continuo. Alt. 74, lat. + poll. Hab. Terra del Fuego.

Resembles, in general, H. lucida, and is remarkable for its globular form and fresh green color.

Herix Exa#quata. T. parva, discoidea, tenuis, lucida, gla- brata, succineo-cornea, ad peripheriam rotundata, infra sub-plana, in foveam centralem devexa: spira anfr. 7 arcté volutis, supra planulatis, sutura marginata bené impressa discretis, spiram pla- nam efformantibus : apertura angusta, transversa ; labro simplici,

20

portione sinistra feré horizontali, recedente, subreflexd. Lat. 3%, alt. 3%. Hab. Kauai, Sandwich Islands.

A very beautiful and polished symmetrical shell ; beneath like H. interna and indentata.

Heurx cicercuta. ‘T’. depresso-globosa, tenuis, sub-opaca, im- perforata, albido-virescens, striis incrementi conspicuis et striis volventibus sparsis insculpta: infra rotundata, fovea centrali modica: spira anfr. 5 convexis, ultimo angulato: apertura lu- nata; labro simplici; columella superné vix reflexa. Lat. 3, alt. 3% poll. Hab. Mountains of Hawaii.

Distinguished from the other small subglobular shells here mentioned by its pea-green color and more globular shape, both above and beneath, its deeper umbilical pit, and by having no semblance of contortion of the columella.

Heix cryprorortica. Testa parva, orbiculari-depressa, ad apicem acuta, tenuis, pellucida, nitida, luteo-virescens, leviter striata: infra rotundata, imperforata, fovea parva centrali: spira anfr. 5} convexiusculis, ultimo carinato; sutura impressa, mar- ginata: apertura lunata, labro simplici; columella superné valdé intorta, sinum angustum centralem formante.

Very similar to H. subrutila, Mighels, but is distinguished from it by the want of revolving striae, and by the manner in which the columella joins the whorl above.

Hexix cuntrrata. T. parva, orbicularis, depressa, glaber- rima, lucida, fusco-viridis, infra rotundata, in foveam umbilica- lem devexa, imperforata: spira anfr. 5 convexis, ultimo superné carinato ; apice obtuso; sutura marginaté : apertura angusta, lu- nata, labro simplici; columella obliqua, callosa, alba, planulata, inflexa, inferné dentem simulante. Lat. 2, alt. 4 poll. Hab. Taheiti and Eimeo.

A beautiful, smooth, lenticular, dark-green shell, not unlike H. interna, Say, distinguished by its curious broad, white, inflected, columellar lip.

Hetix rerrenuis. Testa minuta, subglobosa, pellucida, nitidis- sima, viridi-auréa, imperforata: spira depressa, anfr. 43 con- vexis, ultimo amplo, ad peripheriam angulato, infra sulcis remotis radiato: apertura ampla, lunata; labro simplici. Lat. 4, alt. zo poll. Hab. Aurora Island.

21

A small, very pellucid shell, somewhat like H. electrina and lucida, but more globular.

Heiix crapata. Testa parva, planorboidea, tenuis, nitida, rufo-viridis, luteo radiatim variegata, supra depressa, infra aceta- buliformis: spira anfr. 5 convexis, intra umbilicum angulatis, obliqué et confertim striatis et cum striis interruptis volventibus decussatis ; ultimo subangulato, versus aperturam deflexo ; sutura canaliculaté: apertura obliqua, subcircularis ; labro acuto, ad um- bilicum reflexo. Lat. 4+, alt. + poll. Hab. Tongataboo.

Shape and size of H. striatella, Anthony, but has the umbili- cus broader, deeper, and more shelving.

Heix Fornicata. Testa parva, planorboidea, tenuis, diluté rufa, supra convexiuscula, infra concava, obliqué ordinatim et confertim costato-striata: spira anfr. 4 convexis; ultimo ad peri- pheriam rotundato; sutura profunda: apertura transversa, rotun- dato-elliptica. Lat. 4, alt. 5 poll. Hab. Kauai, Sandwich Is- lands.

A small, dome-shaped shell, marked like H. siriatella, but more like H. indentata, in the form of the spire.

Hetrx rvusicinosa. T. orbicularis, depressa, ferrugineo-cornea, fusco tessellata, obliqué costato-striata, laté umbilicata; spira anfr. 6 arcté volutis; suturaé impressd: apertura subrecta, lunata ; labro simplici ; lamella unica secundum anfractum penultimum volvente. Lat. 3, alt. {3 poll. Hab. Kauai, Sandwich Islands.

Larger than the other checkered shells of this group ; like H. striatella, Anthony, in form, size and sculpture, or like H. radz- ata, Mull., as to coloring.

HeEtix p#pALEA, ‘Testa parva, discoidea, rubro-castanea, fusco tessellata, costellis radiantibus acutis confertis scabra, sub- tus acetabuliformis : spira anfr. ad 6 arcté volutis, duplo altiori- bus quam latis, ad peripheriam rotundatis, infra haud planulatis : sutura impressa: apertura angusta, verticalis, lunata; fauce lamellis 9 volventibus instructa, quorum 4 ad anfractum penulti- mum, uno ad columellam, 2 ad basim, 3 ad labium dispositis. Alt. 545, lat. =; poll. Hab. Taheiti, Matea.

Size and color of H. contorta, Fer.; but the whorls are more numerous and compact, and there are twice as many lamelle on the penult whorl. ‘The umbilicus is similar in form to that of the

22

young H. bdursatella, only the whorls remain rounded instead of being flattened.

Hexix opotus. ‘T. parva, discoidea, deorsum compressa, su- pra planulata, infra concava, radiatim minutissimé et inequaliter striata, fusco-ferruginea, piceo tessellata: spira anfr. 5} supra excavatis, ultimo superné costato-carinato: apertura sub-rhom- boidea ; fauce lamella unica secundum anfractum penultimum volvente. Lat. +, alt. =4 poll. Hab. Taheiti.

A most singular discoidal shell, resembling Planorbis vortea.

HeELix BURSATELLA. ‘Testa parva, per-variabilis, rotundata, conica vel planulata, supra maculis fuscis et albidis alternanti- bus flexuosis, tessellata, infra cinereo-albida vel flammulis fuscis flexuosis radiata, costis numerosissimis acutis radiantibus lyrata : subtus convexiuscula, interdum simplex, interdum concentricé striata, nunc radiatim costellata, nune albida, nunc fusco flammu- lata: spira anfr. ad 8 externé excavyatis, ultimo carinato ; sutura impressa, plerumque marginata: apertura parva, transversa ; fauce cum lamellis 7 volventibus, quorum 2 superiores, 1 colum- ellaris, 4 remotis (1 supra, 8 infra carinam) ad ‘labium ; labro simplici; umbilico cavernoso, in junioribus acetabuliformi, in majoribus ad januam parvo, constricto, margine acuto, una cum labio continuo, Hab. Taheiti and Eimeo.

The above characters are found combined in every possible manner. ‘The variations in size, color, solidity, and umbilicus, may all be reasonably ascribed to differences in age, food, and per- haps to the elevation, between 2000 and 5000 feet, at which they were collected. The armature of the mouth and the peculiar umbilicus, at first broad, and at maturity contracted, or pursed up, so that the flattened edges of the whorls form a large spheri- cal cavity, are the characteristic marks. T'wo principal varieties may be noticed.

a, Large, elevated, conical specimens, which are without mot- tling, rib-like striee, or revolving lines beneath. Lat. 4%, alt. 5 poll.

8. Smaller, depressed specimens, more or less coarsely ribbed, striated and mottled, both above and beneath. Lat. 4, alt. .'5 poll.

Heuix tumutus. Testa parva, solida, flavida, orbiculato-pyra- midata, basi sub-planulata, umbilico modico perforata: spira

29

elevata, conico-rotundata ; anfr. 6-7 convexiusculis, striis perob- liquis exaratis, ultimo obtusé ad peripheriam angulato, prope aperturam compresso: apertura parva, transversa, lunata ;_ pe- ristomate simplici. Long. 2, alt. 4; poll. Hab. Feejee Is- lands.

This bears a general resemblance to H. pyramidata; but with the same diameter, it is less elevated, and more rounded at apex.

Heuix TENToR1oLuM. ‘Testa parva, elevata, trochiformis, ad apicem rotundata, pallidé virescens, obliqué et concinné striata, basi in umbilicum mediocrem devexa: spira anfr. 6 planulatis, et carina acutissima, alba, cinctis: apertura subtriangularis, basi rotundata ; labro simplici, ante umbilicum reflexo. Lat. 2, alt. x5 poll. Hab. Upolu.

Its elevated form and rounded summit, resembling a nipple, is very remarkable.

Hetix (caracotia) Troitus. ‘Testa variabilis, depresso-conica, sub-discoidea, leviter et obtusé striata, flavescens, subtus convexa, in umbilicum amplum incurvata, carinata ; carina utroque linea spirali castanea marginata: interdum coloribus inversis: spira anfr. 5} rotundatis: apertura semilunaris, superné angulata ; labro acuto. Liat. 3, alt. =3, poll. Hab. Samoa Islands.

Is somewhat like H. explanata, Quoy, but much smaller and more umbilicated, and differently colored. Not unlike H. alpina in form. Some specimens are much elevated ; others have the chestnut color with a yellow line; and one has the two bands coalescing and covering the whole periphery.

Heuix cressipa. Testa variabilis, solida, depressa, lenticu- laris, acuté carinata, nitida, densé et acute striata, coloribus flavo- viridibus et castaneis coalescentibus fasciata, infra sub-planulata, umbilico magno et profundo perforata: spira anfr. 5 vix con- vexis : apertura triangularis ; labro acuto; fauce lilacina. Liat. qo, alt. + poll. Hab. Samoa and Taheiti.

In some respects similar to H. Troilus, but more lenticular, flatter beneath, the colors are differently disposed, and the surface sculptured with more numerous and much sharper lines. The animal is also different in coloring. Shape very much like H. acies, Fer. but flatter beneath and smaller.

24

Hexix Evrypice. Testa tenuis, depresso-pyramidata, acutis- simé carinata, pallidé virens, lined castaned volvente supra et infra picta, subtus planulata, umbilico lato et profundo perforata : spira anfr. 5-6 vix convexis, apice rotundato: apertura trans- versa, acuté triangularis; labro acuto. Lat. 33, alt. 43 poll. Hab. 'Tongataboo.

Approaches H. Cressida, but is much thinner, nearly trans- parent, of a much smoother texture at surface, flatter beneath, and the coloring seems to be very uniform. The color of the animal is also different. Its shape is almost precisely that of H. elegans, though much larger. It is also like H. planorboides, Lesson, (H. solarium, Quoy), which is very much smaller and destitute of fillets.

Hewix sustiuissima. T. minuta, fragilissima, nitidissima, lenticularis, plano-convexa, imperforata: spira planulata, anfr. 5 planis, arcté volutis ; ultimo acutissimé carinato: apertura (fracta). Lat. 4, alt. 5 poll. Hab. Maui, Sandwich Islands.

This little pellucid shell, though imperfect, is so well marked by its compressed lenticular form, sharp carination and numerous whorls, that I venture to pronounce it a new species.

Hetix (Nanrna) scorpio. Testa rotundata, depressa, rubro- castanea, fasciis radiantibus atro-purpureis tessellata, subtus haud convexa: spira depressa, anfr. 44 convexis. Lat. 3, alt. ? poll. Hab. Feejee Islands.

The above characters were drawn from the figure of a shell which looks somewhat like Cyclostoma tigrinum. Its inhabitant is most peculiar ; having, besides the usual anal lappet of Nanina covering the mucus pore, six other smaller ones between this and the shell, arranged in a double series along the back.

Hexix (Nantna) rvurpa. ‘Testa fragilis, obconica, obliqué striata, epidermide tenui subconcentricé et confertissimé rugos& induta, coloribus sordidé viridibus marmorata, subtus valdé con- vexa, perforata: spira anfr. 4} planulatis, ultimo superné angu- Jato: apertura lunata; labro acuto ad umbilicum reflexo. Liat. 4, alt. 2 poll. Hab. Feejee Islands.

The specimens collected appear to be immature, but the pe- culiar minute wrinkling of the epidermis, somewhat like that on Planorbis albus and hirsutus, may serve to characterize it.

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Hetrx (Nanina) 1RRADIATA. T. conico-globosa, tenuis, im- perforata, albida, supra purpureo radiatim tessellata, lineis incre- menti acutis confertim striata, subtus rotundata: spira anfr. 6 convexis, ultimo sub-angulato: apertura transversa, lunata; labro acuto, ad columellam incurvato, vix reflexo. Lat. 4, alt. 2 poll. Hab. New Holland.

A singularly-colored Helix, in shape more like H. Cubensis than any other which I recollect. ‘The colors are arranged some- what like those on Bulimus vewillum.

Hetix (NANINA) RUBRICATA. ‘Testa globoso-conica, solida, vix perforata, supra nitida, rufo-castanea, striis radiantibus gregatim dispositis et striis volventibus decussata, infra glaberrima, livido- castanea, ad centrum declivis: spira anfr. 6 convexis, amplis; sutura submarginataé : apertura semilunaris; fauce livida ; labro simplici, ad columellam reflexo, albo. Lat. 1, alt. 2 poll. Hab. Lebouka, Feejee Islands.

In shape and size like H. zaleta and H. irregularis ; but in all other respects it is like H. velutina, Sowb., to which it is very closely allied. Perhaps it is H. Nouleti, Le Guillou.

Hetrx turipa. Testa globoso-conica, depressa, glaberrima, nitida, livido-castanea, infra pallescens, ad umbilicum minutum declivis: spira anfr. 6 convexis, radiatim et obtusé striatis, ultimo prope aperturam subangulato ; sutura impressa, marginata : aper- tura lunata, fauce livida ; labro acuto, ad umbilicum reflexo, albo. Lat. 1, alt. + poll. Had. Feejee Islands.

Groups with the preceding species to which it is very similar, but differs essentially in the want of revolving striz, its carinated periphery, and light-colored umbilical region. It probably be- longs to NANINa.

Heix catva. Testa tenuis, depresso-globosa, nitida, pallidé stramineo-virescens, arcté umbilicata: spira anfr. 5 haud turgidis, striis incrementi obsoletis; suturaé haud impressa, marginata : apertura semilunaris ; labro simplici, acuto, ad umbilicum paulum reflexo. Lat. 4, alt. 3 poll. Hab. Feejee Islands.

Similar to the preceding, but smaller and lighter-colored, and is plainly distinguished by its smooth, shining, rounded spire, similar to the summit of H. Moricandi or H. lychnuchus. This must also be a NAnina.

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Vitrina Ruivensts (Cournovy MS.) Testa haliotiformis, transversé subquadrata, depressa, papyracea, pellucida, nitida, chlorata, gradibus etatis striata: spira vix conspicua, anfr. uno rapidé crescente ; apice laterali: apertura faciem inferiorem ade- quans ; labro propé spiram membranaceo ; columella laxé intro spiram volvente et eam penitus exhibente. Lat. 35, alt. 5 poll. Hab. Madeira, near the summit of Pico de Ruivo, 6210 feet al- titude. A very large and well-marked species.

Virrina NitIDA. Testa depresso-globosa, heliciformis, tenu- issima, pellucida, nitidissima, laevigata, succineo-viridis, imperfo- rata: spira anfr. 4 convexis, ultimo amplo ; apice subcentrali, prominente ; sutura excayata: apertura transversa, subcircula- ris; peristomate inflexo ; columella arcuataé, usque ad apicem perspicua. Diam. 48, alt. 35; poll. Hab. Madeira, Roche de Empefia, 4240 feet elevation. A most elegant and _ brilliant species.

Virrina carerata. Testa helicoidea, depresso-globosa, ad peripheriam obtusé angulata, tenuis, sub-opaca, striis incremen- talibus conspicuis et rugis obliquis ramulosis, praecipué supernis, exarata, diluté fulvo-cornea, arcté perforata: spira anfractibus 31 convexis, citd crescentibus ; sutura profunda ; apice subcen- trali: apertura sub-circularis; labro simplici, ad umbilicum everso; columella, callum simulante, secundum spiram intro- eunte. Diam. max. 3%, alt. + poll. Had. Kauai, Sandwich Islands.

A large and substantial species, easily distinguished by the branching wrinkles of the surface, which perhaps answer to blood-vessels.

Virrina marcipa. Testa sigaretiformis, tenuis, sub-opaca, flavo-viridis, depresso-orbicularis, tenuiter striata, sub-perforata : spira anfr. ad 3, convexiusculis, ultimo amplo, declivo; apice sub-centrali ; suturaé bene impressi: apertura transversa, ellip- tica; labro plerumque membranaceo. Diam. 2%, alt. 7% poll. Hab. Madeira, Roche de Empena ; height of 4200 feet.

Differs from V. Lamarckii, especially in having more whorls. The animal is still more decidedly different.

VITRINA TENELLA. ‘Testa parva, V. pedlucid@ simillima, suc- cinea, sub-perforata, gradibus #tatis conspicuis striata: spira

27

rotundata, apice subcentrali, anfr. 8, convexis, declinantibus ; su- tura excavata : apertura sub-circularis ; labro antrorsum arcuata. Diam. 4, alt. 4; poll. Hab. Kauai, Sandwich Islands.

It is larger than V. pellucida, more opaque, and the aperture is larger.

Virrina Ropusta. ‘Testa helicoidea, transyersa, depresso-glo- bosa, sub-valida, polita, perlucida, diluté flavo-viridis, lineis in- crementalibus regularibus, obtusis, striata: spira obtusa, anfr. 3, ultimo magno ; apice subcentrali ; subtus rotundata: apertura rotundata ; margine sinistro superné reflexo, rimam_ umbilica- lem parvum formante. Diam. max. 4, alt. 4 poll. Hab. New South Wales.

This is about the size and form of V. nigra, Quoy, and is almost exactly like V. Freycineti, Fer. It is more globose and brilliant than V. marcida, and seems to be built more firmly than any other species.

SucciNEA RoTUNDATA. ‘Testa parva, tenera, sub-opaca, hemi- spherica, flavo-virens, concinné striata: spira feré nulla, intus aperta, anfr. 24, ultimo amplissimo : apertura circularis, posticé angulata, testam feré adequans; margine columellari obliquo, subrecto, conspicué plicato, et callo lato induto. Long. +45, lat. 34, alt. 53, poll. Hab. Mountains of Oahu, Sandwich Islands.

This, with the two following species, are remarkable for their hemispherical form and large apertures, with the animal much too large for the shell, and belong to Helicolimax, Fer. Resem- bles S. aperta, Lea.

SuccInEA CEPULLA. Testa parva, tenuissima, pellucida, nitida, succineo-virens, rotundato-elliptica, depressa, sinistrorsum rotun- data, dextrorsum declivis, longitudinaliter striata et liris inequali- bus volventibus arata: spira feré nulla, anfr. 24: apertura am- plissima, ovalis, ad basim laté rotundata, ad columellam arcuata, leviter plicata; intus metallica. Long. 4, lat. 3%, alt. + poll. Hab. Hawaii.

Depressed and without spire like the preceding, but is larger, more transparent, less spherical, has spiral furrows, and the aperture is peculiarly widened posteriorly by an outward sweep of the lip.

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Succinza putamen. Testa magna, depressa, globoso-elliptica, tenuis, levis, striis incrementalibus et striis volventibus tenuiter decussata, fulvo-cornea, ad peripheriam sub-angulata : spira feré nulla, anfr. vix 2: sutura linearis: apertura paginam inferiorem feré adequans, rotundato-ovalis ; margine columellari sub-plicato. Long. §, lat. 4 poll. Hab. Upolu.

A remarkable shell, resembling the half of a bird’s egg. Dis- tinguished from S. rotundata by its larger size, revolving strie, and angular periphery.

SuccinEA vesicaLis. Testa tenuissima, fragilis, lucida, late ovata, depressa, gradibus etatis undulata, epidermide straminea induta: spira anfr. 3, ultimo magno, patulo, alteris spiram par- vam formantibus: apertura suboyalis, ad basim laté rotundata, longitudinis # equans ; plica columellari conspicua. Long. 3%, lat. 35 alt. 2 poll. Hab. Mauna Kea, Hawaii.

About the shape and size of S. rubescens. A delicate, very ample species.

SuccINEA LUMBALIs. ‘Testa mediocris, ovato-conica, tenuis- sima, sublucida, pallidé virens, leviter striata, subtus gibbosa : spira acuté conica; anfr. 3 convexiusculis, ultimo ventricoso, versus suturam declivi: apertura rotundato-ovata ; columella valdé arcuata, callo induta ; plica mediocri. Long. 85, lat. .%, alt. 45 poll. Had. Kauai, Sandwich Islands.

Its dull aspect, conical spire and ventricose form are its dis- tinctive marks. It resembles small specimens of Limnea catas- copium, Say.

SucciINEA HUMEROSA. ‘Testa ovata, depressa, sub-rhombea, sublucida, striis incrementalibus rugosa, sulcis raris volventibus interdum arata, diluté virens, et interdum rubricans: spira anfr. 3, ultimo permagno, posticé sub-angulato: apertura sub-ovalis, posticé amplificata ; labro dextrorsum decurrente ; plica columel-

lari conspicué. Long. 3, lat. 8, alt. + poll. Hab. Mountains of Taheiti.

About the size of S. amphibia, and has a peculiarly broad aperture on account of the outward sweep of the posterior por- tion of the lip, and may be known by the angular shoulder on the last whorl.

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SuccineaA cRocaTa. ‘Testa pinguis, sub-solida, sub-opaca, ovato-globosa, saturaté crocea, lineis incrementi exilibus et in- terdum lineis inordinatis volventibus striata: spira brevis, acuta, anfr. vix 3, convexis, sutura profundissima discretis, ultimo ven- tricoso: apertura magna, rotundata-ovata; columella carinataé sub-incrassata, haud sinuoso: intus calearea. Long. 3, lat. 3 poll. Hab. Upolu.

May be easily known by its large size, inflated form, and its peculiar color. The spire is remarkably contorted.

SucctNEA CANELLA. ‘Testa parva, sub-solida, opaca, ovata, impolita, cinnamomea, leviter striata: spira conspicua ; anfr. 3, ventricosis, sutura valde constricta discretis: apertura parva, ovato-rotunda; peristomate incrassato, postice sub-continuo ; columella arcuata, haud plicata. Long. 4, lat. 2 poll. Hab. Maui, Sandwich Islands.

Very much like 8S. avara, Say, and S. caduca, Mighels ; but it is less elongated, more solid, and without a columellar fold.

Succinea Macetianica. ‘Testa parva, tenuis, subflexilis, luci- da, nitida, intensé virens, rotundato-ovata: spira brevis, acuta, anfr. 3, sutura profunda discretis, ultimo amplo, ventricoso : apertura ovata; margine columellari reflexiusculo, callo tenui superné munito. Long. 4, lat. 2, poll. Hab. Terra del Fuego.

A small, remarkably short and ventricose species, conspicuous also for its deep grass-green color.

SuccINEA MANUANA. ‘Testa parva, ovata, ventricosa, tenuis, sub-opaca, straminea, longitudinaliter striata et transvers€ sparsim rugosa: spira obtusa, exserta, anfr. 24, ventriccsis, sutura pro- funda discretis: apertura ovato-rotundata, peristomate ad colu- mellam minimé reflexo; regione umbilicali depressa, sinuosa. Long. 4, lat. 4, poll. Hab. Manua.

A small, plump species, resembling 8. Magellanica, but still more ventricose, and is further distinguished by its pale color and opacity.

SuccinEA MopEstTa. ‘Testa mediocris, ovata, tenuis, nitens, diaphana, stramineo-cornea, tenuiter striata, et lineis interruptis volventibus arata, subtus ventricosa: spira reflexa, anfr. 3, ven-

30

tricosis : apertura rotundato-ovata ; columella arcuata incrassata, sub-perforata ; plica conspicua. Long. 4, lat. 2 poll. Had. Upolu.

Like a small S. campestris, Say. Differs from the next species by its shorter spire, pale greenish color, and more arcuated co- lumella.

SuccinEA vENusTA. ‘Testa mediocris, ovata, tenuis, pellucida, nitida, ordinatim striata, epidermide succinea, interdum vires- cente induta, subtus gibbosa: spira conspicua, obtusiuscula, anfr. 23 rotundatis : apertura ovata, longitudinis teste. duos trientes adequans, posticé angulata; columella obliqua, absque plica. Long. 5%, lat. 3, alt. + poll. Hab. Hawaii.

Almost exactly like 8. ovalis, Say, but is a little more corpulent. It is less elongated than 8. pudorina, more shining and different- ly colored.

SuccinEA Puporina. Testa elongata, ovato-turrita, tenuis, lucida, striis conspicuis longitudinalibus notata, succineo-rubes- cens: spira elevata, anfr. 3 cylindraceis valdé obliquis et sutura profunda discretis composita. Apertura teste trientes duos ade- quans, elongato-ovata, angusta : columella obliqua, sub-recta, vix plicata. Long. 34, lat. 3%, alt. + poll. Hab. Mountains of Ta- heiti and Eimeo.

Very much like 8. oblonga, Drap. It is more slender, the aperture narrower, and the penult whorl nearly twice as long.

SuccINEA INFUNDIBULIFORMIs. ‘Testa acuto-conica, infundi- buliformis, ad basim perobliqué truncata, concinné striata, opaca, viridis: spira obtusa, anfr. 2 planulatis, ultimo magno ; sutura lineari: apertura rotundato-ovata; margine sinistro inflexo, ad peripheriam carinato. Long. +%5, lat. 3% poll. Hab. Mountains of Taheiti and Eimeo.

A most remarkable tunnel-shaped species, resembling pre- cisely the sugar-cockles of the confectioners. It is allied to S. procera, which has all the outlines a little convex, an amber co- lor, and no inflection of the columellar margin.

SuccINEA PRocERA. ‘T'esta magna, elongata, lanceolata, fulvo- cornea, striis incrementalibus crassis rugosa : spira acuta, anfr. 3 perobliquis convexiusculis composita, partem longitudinis feré

31

dimidiam equans: apertura ovato-oblongata ; labro posticé de- currente ; columella arcuata, sub-incrassata. Long. 7, lat. 53; poll. Hab. Eimeo.

A large, remarkably slender species, of coarse exterior, allied to S. infundibuliformis, and much resembling Limnea umbrosa in form.

SuccinEA RusTIcANA. Testa elongata, ovato-conica, tenuis, pallidé virens, impolita, lineis incrementalibus inequalibus et cras- sis striata, subtus convexa: spira acuta, anfr. 3 convexiusculis : apertura ovata, quadrantes tres longitudinis adequans ; columella arcuata, perspicue plicata. Long. 4, lat. poll. Hab. Oregon.

Buuimus ELopatus. ‘Testa solidula, elongato-ovata, longitu- dinaliter plicoso-striata et lineolis volventibus interruptis corrosa, epidermide sordidé luteo et viridi marmorata induta, arcté um- bilicata: spira anfr. 5 convexis, ultimo magno: apertura angus- ta, sub-elliptica ; labro simplici, obtuso, aurantio; plica columel- lari perobliqua. Long. 24, lat. 12 poll. Hab. Feejee Islands.

Belongs to the same group as B. fulguratus and B. malleatus, characterized by the large fold on the columella. It is the largest of the three, resembling the former in its sculpture and the coloring of the aperture, and the latter in coloring. It is distinguished by its unreflected lip, its narrow aperture, less con- spicuous and more oblique columellar fold, more ventricose and less oblique whorls.

Butimus mMorosus. ‘Testa crassa, rudis, ovata, albido-cinerea, longitudinaliter striata, arcté umbilicata; spira anfr. 5 convexis: apertura subauriculata; peristomate latissimé revoluto, albo, posticé angulato ; plica columellari ampla.Long. 13, lat. 1 poll. Hab. Feejee Islands.

Of the same group as the preceding, but is smaller, more solid and less elegant than its associates. Its want of epidermis and colors, its angular outline and very broad, revolute lip, character- ize it.

Butimus Prouatus. Testa ovoidea, antrorsum angustata, leviter striata, albido-cinerea, fasciis quatuor liturarum ferrugine-

arum cincta : spira ovato-conica ; anfr. 5 convexiusculis: apertu- ra elliptica, totius longitudinis dimidium adequans; labro sim-

a2

plici, acuto: columella brevis, laté reflexa, alba, umbilicum parvum tegens. Long. 1}, lat. 1 poll. Hab. Santiago, Chili.

A shell of a remarkably regular, elongated oyoid form, some- what like B. Favannii, only more narrowed anteriorly, and dis- tinguished by its four bands of rusty blotches.

Burimvus ciiatus. Testa tenuis, ovato-conica, viridis, striis volventibus, cilias rigidas nunc longas nunc breviores gerentibus, cincta: spira acuta, anfr. 6 convexis, ultimo magno, ventricoso, sub-angulato: apertura sub-ovata, anticé angustata ; labro sim- plici; columella recta, alba, umbilicum parvum obtegente. Long. 5, lat. 38; poll. Hab. Organ Mountain, Brazil.

This shell, with its thick, dark green epidermis, looks like a Paludina. P. velutino-hispidus of Moricand, another hairy spe- cies, is more globular.

Butimus pruninus. ‘Testa ovato-turrita, solida, leviter striata, livido-purpurea, infra suturam et circa umbilicum albido zonata : spira acuta, anfr. 6, convexiusculis, subtabulatis : apertura mo- dica, ovata; labro simplici, intus callo stramineo incrassato, ad columellam reflexo ; fauce livido. Long. 3, lat. 2 poll. Hab. ?

This is a solid, elongated, peculiar species, probably belong- ing to South America.

Butimus uysripus. ‘Testa crassa, elongato-ovata, polita, cas- tanea, lituris ochraceis admodum obliqué ordinatis maculata: spira anfr. 6 convexis, sub lente spiraliter striatis ; ultimo magno sub-compresso, ad basim obliqué carinato et rima umbilicali per- forato: apertura angustata, elongato-elliptica, anticé angulata et canaliculata; labro crasso, laté reflexo, rubro-purpureo ; fauce roseo. Long. 13, lat. 8 poll. Vicinity of Rio Janeiro.

A beautiful shell, intermediate between B. goniostoma and B. multicolor, having the aperture of the former, and the size, form and marking of the latter.

Butimus sunceus. Testa parva, elongato-conica, tenuis, translucida, diluté virens, concinné striata, vix perforata: spira ad apicem obtusa ; anfr. 7, convexiusculis, superné con-tabulatis : apertura elongato-ovata ; labro simplici, ad columellam vix re- flexo. Long. 7%, lat. 35 poll. Hab. Society and Sandwich Islands.

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A delicate, slender shell, varying a good deal in size, and closely allied to, if not the same as B. clavula, Quoy, B. bacteri- onides, D’Orb., and B. octonoides, Adams, from the West Indies. Perhaps it is a species attached to the plantain, cocoa-nut, or some other wide-spread tropical plant.

ParTULA conicA. ‘Testa elongato-conica, interdum sinistrorsa, flavida vel castanea, leviter striata et lineis crebris volventibus decussata, laté perforata : spira elevata, acuta, anfr. 6 ventricosis, ultimo permagno; sutura impressa, albid’: apertura obliqua, ovalis ; peristomate albo vel rosaceo, laté reflexo, sub-planulato. Long. 1,4, lat. $2 poll. Hab. Samoa Islands, Raraka Island.

Larger than any species hitherto described, and resembling Bulimus levus in form. It may possibly be P. bulimoides, Lesson.

PaRTULA ZEBRINA. ‘Testa variabilis, ovata, tenuis, alba, flava vel fulva, plerumque strigis longitudinalibus flexuosis albis varie- gata, spiraliter tenuistriata, umbilico rimato perforata : spira anfr. ad 5 rotundatis, ultimo ventricoso : apertura elliptica, peristomate albo, laté reflexo, planulato ; plica columellari magna. Long. §;, lat. $ poll. Hab. Tutuilla, Samoa Islands.

A rather large and very fine species, more ventricose than others, and distinguished by its perfectly flattened peristome, as well as by its variegated coloring and revolving striz.

PaRTULA PUSILLA. ‘Testa parva, elongata, conica, polita, albi- do-cornea, perforata: spira acuta, anfr. 6 convexis, superné tabulatis: apertura sub-quadrata, posticé lamella intro-volvente instructa; peristomate reflexo, dextrorsum sinuato. Long. .3,, lat. 2 poll. Hab. Matea Island, under stones.

This little species bears all the characters of the group, and is by far the most minute species yet described.

Pura (Vertigo) TanTiILLA. ‘Testa minima, sub-ovalis, albida, perforata: spira obtusa ; anfr. 4 convexiusculis, supernis sub- clathratis, ultimo exiliter rugoso-granulato : apertura sub-rotun- da, peristomate everso; fauce dentibus 5 armato, quorum uno columellari, uno basali, uno labiali et duobus posticis. Long. 75, lat. 35 poll. Hab. Taheiti, 2000 feet elevation.

About the shape and size of P. Gouldii, and with the same

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34

number of teeth, but has two of them on the transverse lip, in- stead of on the columella.

Pupa PEPpoNUM. ‘Testa minuta, variabilis, ovata, plus minusve elongata, tenuis, lucida, nitida, fulvo-cornea, perforata: spira anfr. 6 convexis leviter striatis: apertura ovato-rotundata, pos- ticé lamellam volventem gerens; labro simplici, ad columellam plerumqué late revoluto ; columella vel nuda vel lamellis trans- versis 1-3 instructa. Long. .3;, lat. 33, poll. Hab. Sandwich Islands ; very abundant on pumpkin vines.

This interesting little shell is of somewhat doubtful genus. It may prove to be of the genus Tornatellina or Elasmatina. Its very variable characters render a decision difficult. But it be- longs to the old genus Pupa, where I at present place it.

Pura (Megaspira) etata. Testa sub-cylindrica, elevata, tenuis, nitida, striis conspicuis lirata, cornea, lituris parvis sparsis propé suturam notata, vix perforata: spira obtusa, anfr. 19 angustis sub-planulatis : apertura parva, obliqua, lunata, anticé sub-effusa posticé lamellam volventem gerens ; plica columellari modica, bilamellata. Long. 14, lat. $ poll. Had. Brazil.

Compared with P. e/atior it is smaller, more cylindrical, more delicately striated, more shining, the whorls more crowded, be- ing as 19 to 16 in the same space, the columella smaller and with one fold less, the lip effuse and the umbilicus much smaller.

BALEA PEREGRINA. ‘Testa parva, sinistrorsa, elongata, sub-fu- siformis, solida, opaca, rufo-cinerea, vix striata, perforata: spira ad apicem mamillata; anfr. 8, planulatis, sub-tabulatis ; sutura lineari, profunda: apertura sub-quadrata; peristomate continuo, eequato, leviter reflexo. Long. %, lat. 75 poll. Hab. New Zealand.

I have referred this shell to the genus Balea with much hesi- tation, on account of its locality. It is remarkable for its fusi- form, turreted shape, and for the high walls of its aperture, which rise to a level with the surface of the shell.

AcHATINELLA MARMORATA. ‘Testa oblongo-ovata, coloribus castaneis, cinereis, et albidis marmorata, leviter striata, imperfo- rata: spira acuta, anfr. 6 convexis, superne sub-tabulatis, ultimo magno, ventricoso: apertura ovata; peristomate simplici, mo-

35

dicé evaso ; plica columellari alba, compressa, feré transversa, valdé exstante. Long. %, lat. 3 poll. Hab. Haleakala Moun- tains, Maui, Sandwich Islands.

A large ventricose species, readily distinguished by its varie-

gated coloring.

ACHATINELLA ELLIPSOIDEA. ‘Testa solida, ellipsoidea, levis, epidermide luteo interdum fusco zonato induta: spira anfr. 6, convexiusculis; suturad impressd: apertura parva, angusta; peristomate acuto, nigro; plica columellari feré transversa, tenui. Lat. 35, alt. 35 poll. Hab. Maui.

Closely allied to A. microstoma, which has a thickened lip, and a more dead, striated surface.

ACHATINELLA AcumINATA. ‘Testa parva, elongata, turrita, lu- cida, glaberrima, nitida, succinea ; spira elevata, anfr. 6 obliquis, convexiusculis, ultimo trientes duo longitudinis equante : aper- tura angusta, sub-elliptica, peristomate albido, incrassato, prorsum arcuato ; columella truncata, sed vix plicatéa. Long. 48, lat. 4 poll. Hab. Kauai, Sandwich Islands.

More elongated, and with more oblique whorls than other spe- cies. In its form, color and clearness, it may be compared with Physa hypnorum.

The clear, delicate species like this, with the mere semblance of a columellar fold, may properly constitute a distinct group, to which the name Leptachatina (A4e7ros and Achatina) might be given.

ACHATINELLA CEREALIS. ‘Testa parva, elongata, cylindraceo- conica, impolita, cinereo-castanea : spira obtusa, anfr. 7-8 planu- latis, ultimo trientem longitudinis vix superante : apertura parva, lunata, quadrantem longitudinis adequans ; peristomate simplici, intus incrassato ; plica columellari obsoleta, anfractu penultimo callo induto. Long. 2, lat. $ poll. Hab. Waianai, Oahu.

In size, form and color it resembles Bulimus hordeaceus, but it is still more slender.

AcHATINELLA GuTTULA. ‘Testa parva, tenuis, lucida, rotunda- to-ovata, succinea, interdum castaneo zonata: spira obtusa, anfr. 6 convexiusculis ; ultimo tumido, dimidiam longitudinis superante. Apertura parva, lunata; peristomate albo, incrassato,

36

ad basim valdé truncato; columella curta, plica parva instructa, ad anfractum penultimum callo induta. Long. 3, lat. 3%; poll. Hab. Maui, Sandwich Islands.

One of the smallest, and proportionally the shortest of the group, its length being but little greater than its breadth. It is much more ventricose and less solid than A. accincta, Mighels.

Heticina FuLGoRA. ‘Testa parva, lenticularis, acute carinata, glabra, diluté castanea, lineolis radiantibus angulato-flexuosis, propé suturam et ad carinam dilatatis, picta: spira depresso- conica, acuta; anfr. 5-6 planatis: apertura lata, semilunaris ; peristomate reflexo, flavido, ad basim rectangulari; columella recta, callo modico albido indutaé. Lat. 3, alt. 2 poll. Hab. Islands of Upolu and Manua, among bananas.

This species, with H. daciniosa, and H. musiva, belong to the same group with H. flammea, Quoy. These are smaller, and more globular; the first has no reflected lip and the second no radiations beneath.

Heticina Musiva. ‘Testa parva, solidula, sub-globosa, polita, rufo-viridis, supra lineolis flexuosis albidis radiata: spira anfr. 4 rotundatis : apertura lunata; peristomate reflexo, albido, ad ba- sim rectangulari; columella recté. Liat. 385, alt. 75 poll. Had. Islands of Manua and Upolu, among plantains.

Closely allied to the preceding, but smaller, more globular, not carinated, and destitute of radiated coloring beneath.

Hexicina TrRocHLEA. ‘Testa minuta, trochiformis, supra cine- rea, costis acutis volventibus 3 vel 4 (intervallis concavis, scabro- sis) cincta, infra convexa, polita, citrina : spira anfr. 4, ultimo ad peripheriam bicarinato : apertura sub-trigona ; peristomate leviter reflexo; columella ad basim angulata, callo copioso induta. Lat. 4, alt. 4% poll. Hab. Matea Island.

It has the size and nearly the form of H. rupestris, Pfeif., and is distinct from all others by its well-marked, sharp, revolving ribs.

Heticina moutticotor. ‘Testa parva, solidula, conico-globosa, tenuissimeé striata, citrina, interdum fusco-fasciata, vel omnino fusco-rubra, subtus convexa: spira anfr. 4 convexiusculis, ultimo ad peripheriam rotundato; sutura impressa: apertura lunata, lata ; peristomate simplici, acuto, ad basim obtusé angulato ; colu-

37

mella expansa, callo copioso induta. Lat. 38, alt. 5 poll. Had. Tongataboo.

A very delicate species, and one of the smallest known, and principally remarkable for its variable coloring.

HeELicINA UBERTa. Testa parva, solida, sub-globosa, levis, diluté citrina ; spira anfr. 4; suturaé impressa: apertura parva, semilunaris, extrinsecus constricta; peristomate simplici, vix reflexo ; columella callo flavo copiosissimo, haud appresso, in- duta. Lat. 75, alt. 3, poll. Hab. Maui, and Oahu Mountains.

Very remarkable for the abundant golden yellow callus which forms a tongue-like projection across the base of the shell.

HELICINA BERYLLINA. ‘Testa solidula, depresso-conica, infra conyexa, ad peripheriam obtusé angulata, polita, albido-virens : spira anfr. 5 planulatis, ultimo cito crescente ; sutura lineari: apertura magna, transversé semi-elliptica ; peristomate simplici ; callo columellari laté expanso. Lat. 3, alt. 2 poll. Hab. Feejee Islands.

Rather large as to size, and remarkable for its delicate beryl- green tint and polished surface. The outer whorl enlarges very rapidly. In form it resembles H. similis, Sowb.

HEticina PALLIDA. ‘Testa lenticularis, solidiuscula, luteo-ci- nerea, inequaliter striata, epidermide tenuissima induta: spira depressa ; anfr. 5 acuté carinatis, planatis : apertura semilunaris, ad columellam callosa ; labro modicé reflexo. Lat. 5%,, alt. 53 poll. Hab. Feejee Islands.

Resembles somewhat H. miniata, Lesson, which is more solid, polished, lip simple, suture double. In shape and color it is like H. oxystoma, Gray, but is smaller, and the lip not angular at the carina.

Cyctostoma TIARA. ‘Testa solida, turbinata, rudis, distorta, sordidé alba, laté umbilicata: spira anfr. 5 laxis, rotundatis, spiraliter liratis, supernis undulatis; inter liros lineis incremen- talibus conferté clathratis: apertura circularis, peristomate sim- plici. Lat. 2, alt. + poll. Hab. Upolu.

This rather large species stands at the head of a group of rude and very variable species from the Pacific Islands. They have a bony structure, are coarsely indented, and grooved spirally, often have the whorls nearly disjoined, and the umbilicus so large as to approximate to Solarium.

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CycLostoma stricatum. ‘Testa solida, orbiculato-conica, pal- lidé beryllina, supra costulis cingulata, infra sub-planulata, um- bilico amplo et carina acuta impendente limitato perforata : spira anfr. 5 convexis, sutura bené discretis, ultimo propé aper- turam despecto, feré disjuncto: apertura circularis ; peristomate simplici, everso, acuto. Lat. 5%, alt. 33; poll. Hab. Upolu.

Not half so large as the preceding, and may be known by its uniform fluting, its sub-globose form, its plain, flattened base, and ample tunnel-shaped umbilicus, margined by an overhang-

ing carina.

CycLostoMa PLIcATuM. ‘Testa parva, solida, rudis, pyrami- data, cinereo-virens, plicis confertis obliquis rugata, et striis minutis volventibus cincta: spira acuta, anfr. 6 rotundatis et sutura bené discretis, ultimo ad peripheriam rotundato ; infra convexa et umbilico modico acuté marginato perforata : apertu- ra circularis ; peritremate simplici. Lat. 2, alt. 2 poll. Hab. Upolu.

Differs from the preceding in its more elevated, acutely coni- cal form, its plaited whorls without prominent revolving lines, its rounded periphery and base, and its more contracted umbili- cus. ‘The young are discoidal, without folds, but with somewhat nodular spiral lines and bright beryl-green color.

CycLostoMa oBLIGATUM. ‘Testa parva, crassa, sub-globosa, cinerea, arcté perforata, utrinque sulcis et costulis acutis sub- crenulatis equalibus cincta, et lineis incrementi subtilissimis striata: spira acuta, anfr. 5 rotundatis: apertura parva, ovata ; peristomate simplici, crasso. Lat. 355, alt. 3 poll. Hab. Matea.

Still smaller than C. rugatum, and remarkable for its solid structure, its coarse alternate ridges and grooves, and its small ovate aperture. It looks not unlike some specimens of Littorina rudis.

CycLosToMA DIATRETUM. ‘Testa planorboidea, albido-cornea, supra costis distantibus, ad intervallos cincinné clathratis, angu- lata, laté umbilicata: spira planulata, anfr. 4 cylindraceis, rapi- dé crescentibus, propé suturam decliventibus: apertura circu- laris; peristomate simplici. Lat. 2, alt. 4 poll. Hab. Sandal- wood Bay, Feejee Islands.

Answers very nearly to the description of C. orbella, Lk. The

39

whorls increase more rapidly, the cost are more distant above, and the umbilicus is less broad and open.

CycLostomMA RosEUM. ‘Testa parva, solida, elevato-conica, glabra, pallidé rosea: spira acuta, anfr. 6 convexiusculis, supra arcté tabulatis ; sutura bené impressa: apertura spiram haud equans, ovata ; peristomate eversa, acuta ; fissura umbilicali costa circumambiente finita. Lat.+, alt. 3% poll. Had. Feejee Islands.

This shell, with several others from the Pacific Islands, forms a group characterized by their slender, elevated form, and the rib which circumscribes the umbilical region. It is more deeply and uniformly colored than C. rubens, Quoy, which is also smaller, thinner, and has a much larger umbilicus.

CycLOSTOMA TEREBRALE. ‘Testa parva, turrita, acuminata, flavida vel dilute cornea, levigata, umbilico rimato circumvallato perforata: spira elevata, acuta, anfr. 6-8 convexiusculis, anticé sub-angulatis, sese partim obtegentibus ; sutura impressa ; aper- tura sub-rotunda, posticé angularis, campanulata ; peristomate simplici, anfractui penultimo laté adnato. Lat. 74, alt. } poll. Hab. Taheiti and Eimeo.

Distinguished from allied species by its acuminated spire, an- gular, imbricated whorls and expanded aperture. It bears a general resemblance to Pupa fallax, Say.

CycLostoMA vALLATUM. ‘Testa parva, solida, elongato-conica, lucida, fusco-cornea: spira anfr. 6 convexis, sub-angulatis, ulti- mo costa valida umbilicnm ambiente munito ; sutura profunda : apertura obliqué ovata; peristomate continuo, simplici, campan- ulato. Lat. 4, alt. 4 poll. Hab. Tongataboo.

CycLostoma sciruLum. ‘Testa parva, elongato-conica, tenuis, rufo-cornea, striis incrementi tenuibus solum insculpta, arcté umbilicata: spira elevata, anfr. 6-7 rotundatis, supernis sub- angulatis ; suturaé profunda: apertura rotundato-ovata, parva, trientem longitudinis adequans; peristomate simplici, pallido. Long. 4, lat. 34; poll. Hab. Taheiti and Eimeo, Manua.

Almost exactly like Amnicola Sayana, Anth. It is larger and more ventricose than C. vallatum, and is distinguished from C. terebrale by its less slender form and unexpanded lip.

TRUNCATELLA AURANTIA. ‘Testa parva, decollata, conico- cylindracea, aurantia, sub-perforata, longitudinaliter confertim

40

clathrata ; clathris elevatis, rectis, numero ad 40 in singulis an- fractibus: spira anfr. 5 convexis: apertura obliqua, ovata ; peristomate albo, continuo, reflexo. Long. +3, lat. 7b poll. Hab. Mangsi Island, Borneo.

Its principal characters are its large size, very convex whorls, and very numerous bars. T. Caribbeaorum, Sowb. is often of the same color, but is more robust, the whorls less convex and the bars less numerous and less elevated.

TrUNCATELLA ViTIANA. ‘Testa decollata, conico-cylindracea, solidula, flavido-cinerea ; spira anfr. superstitibus 4-5 planiuscu- lis, costulis subrectis, elevatis, obtusis ad 30 clathratis : apertura obliqua, rotundato-elliptica ; peristomate expanso, continuo, an- fractui penultimo haud adnato, costa marginato que posticé ad suturam producta est; operculum laminatum. Long. 53,, lat. qi poll. Hab. Feejee Islands.

One of the largest species, though it varies greatly in size. It is especially distinguished by the peculiar mode in which the lip forms its junction posteriorly. The bars also become fused posteriorly, so that the intervening flutings do not always reach the suture. It differs from T. aurantia in color, is more solid, and the bars are less numerous.

TRUNCATELLA PorRECTA. Testa parva, elongata, sub-cylin- drica, decollata, albida; spira anfr. superstitibus 4 convexis, clathris humilibus acutis ad 16 instructis, ad intervallos minutis- simé et longitudinaliter striatis: apertura rotundato-lunata, an- fractui penultimo laté sejuncta; peristomate continuo, extrorsum expanso: operculum laminis arrectis radiantibus eccentricis ornatum. Lat. ;3,, alt. } poll. Hab. Taheiti.

The distinguishing marks are, its slender form, unusually convex whorls, and the protrusion of the last whorl.

TRUNCATELLA ROSTRATA. Testa parva, conico-cylindracea, nitida, decollata, incarnata, obliqué clathrata ; clathris ad 12 robustis: spira anfr. 5 convexiusculis: apertura parva, obliqué ovata; peristomate continuo, crasso, albido, duplici, reflexo. Lat. 7, alt. 25 poll. Hab. Rio Janeiro.

In size and color it is much like T. Cumingiana, Adams, which is still smaller, has only 8 bars, which are whitish, more elevated and acute. ‘The secondary lip gives the base of the shell, when viewed in profile, a rostrated appearance.

4]

AncyLus apuncus. Testa exigua, obliqué conica, viridula, striis radiantibus et strils concentricis decussata; apice acuta, valdé incurvaté: apertura ovato-rotundata. Long. 4, lat. 4, alt. = poll. Hab. Mountain streams, Madeira.

Closely resembles A. fluviatilis, and probably still more A. radiatus, Guilding.

DomsBeya FasciaTa. Testa ovata, tenuis, ferrugineo-virens, fusco spiraliter fasciata, creberrimé plicato-striata et lineis vol- ventibus minimis decussata; spira acuta; anfr. 6 ventricosis ; sutura pallida, marginata : apertura semilunaris ; columella alba, plica acuta instructa. Long. #, lat. 3 poll. Hab. River Concon, Chili.

Allied to Chilina fluctuosa, D’Orb., but is more regular in form, more ventricose and more solid ; and is noted for its very minute revolving lines, its bands, and its pale suture.

DomBeya oBovaTa. ‘Testa obovata, solidula, pallidé olivacea, longitudinaliter colore saturatiori fulguratim virgata : spira curta, anfr. 6, convexis, ultimo magno, antrorsum attenuato, posticé sub-angulato : apertura magna, elongato-ovata ; columella alba, sub-recta, bene plicata: interior livescens. Long. {, lat. 3 poll. Hab. Concon River, Chili.

In size and marking it is similar to C. major, Gray, but is less broad, and the suture much less impressed. It is much larger and more yentricose posteriorly than C. pulchra, D’Orb., and much less pictured.

LimnEa votutata. Testa parva, tenuissimé striata, fulva, cy- lindraceo-ovata : spira decollata; anfr. 2-5 superstitibus obliquis, convexiusculis; sutura modica: apertura ovata, dimidiam teste superans ; columella rufa, valdé sinuata. Long. ;3,, lat. } poll. Hab. Oahu.

Much smaller than L. Oahuensis, Souleyet, and with less tumid whorls, sloping gently to the suture. ‘The somewhat cylindrical aspect of the shell is peculiar.

LimneEa Lepipa. Testa gracilis, elongata-conica, fragilis, di- luté cornea, striis volventibus remotis et striis incrementalibus undulosis decussata : spira acuminata ; anfr. 5 obliquis, convexi- usculis : apertura magna, semilunaris, expansa ; plica columellari

6

42

pernotabili, acuta. Long. 3, lat. + poll. Had. Lake Vancouver, Oregon.

Allied to L. pallida, Adams, but is more delicate, more acute- ly pointed, the aperture much larger, the lip expanded, and the surface peculiarly decussated. The whorls are much more ob- lique and less rounded than in L. desidiosa.

PLANORBIS OPERCULARIS. ‘Testa parva, valdé depressa, casta- nea, supra planulata; apice depressa: subtus convexa, laté umbilicata, ad peripheriam marginata et obtusé carinata ; spira anfr. 4, sutura bené impressa sejunctis ; apertura transversa, sub- rhomboidea. Long. }, lat. =; poll. Hab. Rio Sacramento, Upper California.

Resembles P. ewacutus, Say, but is larger, less compressed and less delicate ; and the periphery instead of being acutely edged, has a blunted keel like P. carinatus.

PLANORBIS VERMICULARIS. ‘Testa parva, fornicata: spira plan- ulata, apice depresso, anfr. 4, cylindraceis, ultimo propé aper- turam deflexo: subtus concava; apertura perobliqua, elliptica. Lat. 4, alt. 3. poll. Hab. Interior of Oregon.

About the size and form of P. depeche, Say, but is less de- pressed, the whorls more cylindrical, and not compressed at the periphery.

Puysa TaBuLaTA. ‘Testa ovata, sub-solida, impolita, fuligino- sa; spira anfr. 4-5 ventricosis, superné angulato-carinatis, laté tabulatis : apertura .elliptica, dimidiam teste longitudinis super- ans ; columella albida, vix plicata ; fauce fusco-castaneo. Long. 7: lat. +45 poll. Hab. New Zealand.

Not to ie mistaken for any other species. It is very much more angular than P. ancillaria, and the keel upon the angle, when closely examined, is found to be minutely crenulated. P. variabilis, Gray, has the lower instead of the upper part of the whorl angular and keeled.

Puysa cipposa. ‘Testa obovata, tenuis, glabrata, luteo-cornea : spira acuminata, anfr. 5 rotundatis, ultimo posticé valdé gibboso, anticé attenuato ; apertura angusta, subovalis, trientes du lon- gitudinis adequans ; columella sinuata, callo induté. Long. 3,

lat. 2 poll. Hab. New South Wales.

AS

The resemblance to P. ancillaria, in the younger specimens, is very striking ; the older ones are more like P. tabulata, but the last whorl is merely gibbous and not angular. P. Nove Hol- landie is somewhat similar, but is much more elongated, and neither angular nor gibbous.

Puysa stnuaTa. ‘Testa parva, ovata, cornea, arcuatim striata: spira acuta; anfr. 5 rotundatis posticé sub-angulatis; sutura profunda: apertura obovata, angusta, anticé sub-effusa, posticé emarginata; labro antrorsum arcuato; columella incrassata, sub- perforata, reflexa. Long. 3, lat. } poll. Had. Feejee Islands.

Remarkable for its thickened inner lip, and for the advancing outer lip and consequent posterior sinus and arched strie of growth, found in no other species except P. gibbosa.

Puysa RETICULATA. ‘Testa tenuis, elongata, ovato-conica, fulva, striis subtilissimis decussata: spira anfr. 4-5 ventricosis ; sutura per-profunda: apertura obovata, dimidiam teste longitudinis vix superans; columella rufa, valdé plicata. Long. 7%, lat. 3% poll. ; of another, long. 3, lat. } poll. Hab. Sandwich Islands.

Remarkable for its general color, the color of the pillar lip, its decussated surface, and its very tumid whorls. Its form is so much like that of a reversed Limnea, that I am strongly inclined to believe it to be one. Probably the Limnea Oahuensis, Sou- leyet, (Voy. de la Bonite,) is the same; but unfortunately the animal there given is so indefinitely figured as to leave it doubt- ful whether it is really a Limnea or a Physa.

Puysa vIRGINEA. ‘Testa elongato-ovata, tenuis, fragilis, lucida, nitida, alba: spira aeuta, anfr. 5 convexis, posticé subangulatis : apertura elongata, obovata, posticé acuta; columella leviter pli- cata. Long. 3, lat. 35, poll. Hab. Rio Sacramento, California.

The porcelain-like structure and color of the specimens seems not to be merely the effect of bleaching. It is one of the most elongated species, but less slender than P. hypnorum and more

like P. gyrina or P. rivalis in form, but is a far more delicate shell.

PHysA VENUSTULA. ‘Testa parva, ovata, pellucida, nitida, di- luté cornea: spira elevata, anfr. 5 ventricosis, posticé subangu- latis: apertura ovata; columelld valida, albida, valdé sinuata. Long. 35, lat. 33; poll. Hab. Lima.

a4

Closely resembles small specimens of P. heterostropha, though in size and texture it is like P. fontinalis, which has a much shorter spire.

MELANIA CysBELE. Testa ovata, turrita, crassa, fuliginosa, epi- dermide velutino induta; spira ad apicem valdé erosa, anfr. superstit. ad 3 planulatis, superné tabulatis, et pinnis curtis acu- tis arrectis ordinatim dispositis, coronatis: apertura angusta, elongato-ovalis, posticé angulata; intus livida. Long. 1, lat. 3 poll. Hab. Feejees, Navigators, &c.

Probably confounded with M. amarula. That shell is lighter colored, shorter, smoother and destitute of the velvety epidermis : the spines are less numerous, longer and sharper and stand out somewhat from a vertical position: in this species they resemble mural battlements.

MeLania TETRICA. Testa oblonga, turrita, ponderosa, fusca, liris paucis cincta: spira truncata, anfr. superstitibus 3-4 convex- iusculis, posticé sub-angulatis et spinis validis acutis 5 ad basim decurrentibus armatis, interdum muticis: sutura profunda : aper- tura arcté elliptica; intus livida. Long. 14, lat. § poll. Hab. Feejee Islands.

More slender than the preceding, and with more convex whorls. It has nearly the same form as M. bellicosa, Hinds, but is larger and has fewer spines. It is especially distinguished by its few stout spines directed outwards.

Meania TerpsicHore. Testa elongato-turrita, solidula, oli- yacea, plagis flexuosis fuscis picta, longitudinaliter creberrimé plicata, et liris elevatis versus basim crescentibus cincta: spira elevata, ad apicem erosa, anfr. 4 posticé subangulatis : apertura angusta, elliptica, teste longitudinis trientem adequans; intus cerulescens. Long. 1, lat. 2 poll. Hab. Feejee and Samoa Islands.

Of the same group as the preceding, but more slender, and remarkable for the lyrate appearance produced by its numerous folds, decussated by revolving lines, one of which, more conspi- cuous than the rest, forms a sort of beaded angle.

MELANIA coroLLA. Testa parva, ovato-conica, fusca: spira acuta, anfr. ad 6 ventricosis, posticé constrictis, angulo submedi-

45

ano aculeos numerosos ordinatim radiantes gerente, instructis; sutura haud pepe : apertura rotundata; labiis continuis. Lat. 52;, alt. 3, poll. Hab. Banks’ Peninsula, New Zealand.

This Beauiigol little shell, somewhat resembling M. spinulosa, is readily recognized by its coronets of numerous small radiating prickles on the angles of the whorls.

MELANIA LuTOSA. ‘Testa crassa, elongato-turrita, striis tenui- bus cincta, fusco-castanea, et crusta levi, lutosa, crassa, rubigino- sd, omnino obtecta: spira anfr. 7 superstitibus convexis ; sutura profunda : apertura obovata, vix effusa, peristomate rufo limbato ; fauce livido: operculum crassum, osseum, subspirale. Lat. 4, alt. 12 poll. Hab. Upolu.

This simple and graceful shell, resembling in form M. Vines nica or M. decollata, is easily distinguished by the dark brown margin of the aperture. It is remarkable for the thick crust of mud with which it is covered, and which is so smooth and brown externally, as to seem like the natural surface of the shell. A glance at the tip reveals its real nature.

Metania corporosa. Testa subulato-conica, decollata, niti- da, olivaceo-castanea, juxta suturam cerina, striis plerumque mini- mis decussata: spira anfr. ad 5 convexiusculis ; sutura profunda et marginata: apertura angusta, pyriformis, anticé vix producta ; intus livida; columella albidé. Long. 14, lat. 3 poll. Had. Taheiti. ‘

Very nearly the same shape as M. lutosa, but is distinguished by its clean, shining, minutely reticulated surface, its pale sutural re- gion, and its narrower aperture, destitute of the deep brown limbus.

MELaAntA Scipio. Testa magna, solida, lanceolata, truncata, picea, sursum rufescens et flammulis longitudinalibus fuscis ma- gis ac magis picta (juvenibus valdé subulatis et epidermide tomentoso quoque indutis) creberrimeé et minutissimé decussato- striata: spira anfr. superstitibus 4-5 (integris 12-15) planulatis, obliquis ; suturaé impressé et marginata: apertura triangularis, valdé effusa, posticé sub-canaliculata ; regione columellari tumi- do; columella pene acuta, alba: intus plumbea. Long. 13, (integer 3) lat. 4 poll. Hab. Samoa and Feejee Islands.

About the size and form of M. funiculus, Quoy, but has a longer and more acute aperture. M. aspirans, Hinds, is still

46

larger and more solid, less convex whorls, a darker and less vari- egated surface. Besides its dark pitchy color changing towards the tip to flammulated fawn color covered by a velvety epidermis, it may be known by its minute, close set revolving lines.

MetaniA VainaFa. Testa elongato-conica, levis, badia (ju- nioribus herbaceis et lineolis flexuosis fuscis pictis) : spira decol- lata, anfr. 4-5 superstitibus, subplanulatis, ultimo plerumque striis distantibus cincto; sutura marginata: apertura ovata, teste qua- drantem equans. Long. §, lat. 3% poll. Hab. Falls of Vainafa, Upolu.

It has the form and general color of small, smooth specimens of M. Virginica, but the whorls are more flattened, and the front of the aperture is more rounded.

MeExania scituta. ‘Testa gracilis, elongato-conica, decollata, epidermide piceo induta : spira anfr. superstitibus ad 5 valdé con- vexis, supernis longitudinaliter plicatis, infernis spiraliter liratis, precipué juxta suturam et ad basim: apertura obovata, quadran- tem teste haud equans, anticé aliquanto producta ; fauce livido. Long. §, lat. } poll. Hab. Upolu.

It has the form and size of M. abjecta, Hald., from Alabama, also of M. truncatula, Lam. It is more robust, paler, and the folds are more prominent and on more whorls than in M. plicata,

Lea.

MetanIA stuicuLa. Testa parva, gracilis, sub-cylindrica, trun- cata, epidermide fusco-castaneo induta: spira anfr. ad 4 super- stitibus, rotundatis, spiraliter liratis, supernis longitudinaliter pli- catis; ultimo fusco-zonato; suturaé bené impressd; apertura rotundato-ovata, anticé vix producta ; fauce subviolaceo. Long. 4, lat. 4 poll. Hab. Nisqually, Oregon.

Very much like the preceding, but considerably smaller, more cylindrical, the whorls more plaited, and a band on the basal one. It resembles M. proxima, Say, which is less cylindrical and with- out folds.

MELANIA BULBOSA. ‘Testa parva, conico-oblonga, nitida, de- collata, fusco-viridis: spira anfr. superstitibus 2-3 rotundis ; sutu- ra profunda: apertura ovato-rotundata, vix effusa. Long. i, lat. 3% poll. Hab. Columbia River.

47

The whorls are very cylindrical, so as to appear like a succes: sion of bulbs. It is much like M. perfusca, Anthony ; but in that the whorls slope gently to the suture. A broken specimen shows that it often attains a considerable size.

MELANIA FuRFUROSA. ‘Testa turrita, ovato-pyramidata, tenuis, scabriuscula, diluté fulva, et propé suturam fusco maculata, striis arcuatis incrementalibus et striis volventibus tenuissimis decus- sata: spira integra, anfr. 7 rotundatis, confertis, superné sub-ta- bulatis ; ultimo magno, ventricoso ; supernis obliqué plicatis: apertura lunata, ad columellam effusa. Long. 3, lat. 2 poll. Hab. Manila.

Allied to M. scabra, which is more elongated, and its whorls much less cylindrical, its striae coarse and distant, and crowned with spino-tubercles.

Metanorsis ZELANDIcA. ‘Testa solida, ovato-conica, nitida, olivacea, fusco-trifasciata : spira conica, brevis, acuta; anfr. 3, supernis planulatis et ad suturam confluentibus ; ultimo magno, posticé planulato, anticé ventricoso: apertura elliptica, ccerules- cens, rufo-fasciata, posticé in canalem obducta; labro acuto: columella valdé arcuata et excavata, posticé callo tuberculoso copioso instructa. Long. ;%, lat. 3% poll. Hab. New Zealand.

Compared with M. prerosa, Lin., it is more plump, has but 3 instead of 6 or 7 whorls, the aperture proportionally longer : the columella remarkably arched ; and the surface and aperture are banded with dark chestnut.

Neritina PorcaTa. ‘Testa obliqua, sub-hemispherica, solidi- uscula, fusco-rubricans, maculis parvis nigris interdum tessellata, longitudinaliter striata et rugis conspicuis ordinatis sub-imbrica- tis porcata : spira vix tumida, anfractu ultimo penitus involuta ; apertura parva, lunata; labro callo aurantiaco intus munito ; labio plano, amplo, sanguineo ; columella arcuata, denticulaté. Diam. qo, alt. 3 poll. Hab.

Like N. Bruguieri and canalis, it has the spire wholly involv- ed in the last whorl. The former has a somewhat elevated spire, a larger aperture, anda smooth and silky instead of a ridged surface. The latter is distinct by the canal which winds along the suture.

NERITINA CHOLERICA. Testa obliqué semiglobulosa, solidula,

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leviter striata, castaneo-fusca, subtus interdum lineolis flexuosis nigris picta; spira vix exserta, ultimo anfractu recurrente feré involuta: apertura oblique semicircularis, magna, posticé canali- culata; labro flavo ; labio planulato extrinsecus sanguineo tincto ; columella alba, valdé sinuaté, denticulata. Operculum tenue, lividum, sulco divisum, granulatum, ad apicem flavidum. Diam. ¢ poll. Hab. Feejee Islands.

Allied to the dark varieties of M. dubia, but distinct by its in- volved and girded spire, like N. Bruguieri, and also by its very sinuous and strongly-toothed pillar lip. It has a channel towards the spire much like N. canalis, whose color and marking of the ventral face it also resembles.

NERITINA CHRYSOCOLLA. Testa solida, obliqué conico-globosa, coracina, lineis exilibus obliquis flavidis flexuosis picta: spira elevata, erosa; anfr. 2-3 ventricosis, infra suturam aliquid con- strictis; apertura obliqué semi-elliptica ; labro ceeruleo, viridi limbato ; labio convexo, luteo-virente ; columella sinuata, dentic- ulata: operculum osseum, salmonaceum, costa bisectum. Long. 2, lat. 2, poll. Hab. Upolu.

Of the same group as N. communis, lugubris and helvola, but distinct by its green, blue-edged outer lip and yellowish green pillar lip, as well as by its very delicate zigzag lines, scarcely seen except on the ventral face.

NERITINA HELVOLA. ‘Testa solida, conico-globosa, polita, co- loribus fuscis et cervinis plerumque fulgurantibus diversimodé picta: spira prominula, erosa, anfr. 2 superstitibus : apertura obliqué semicircularis, helvola ; columella convexiuscula, callo copioso induta, acuté denticulaté. Long. §, lat. 3 poll. Hab. Feejee Islands.

Closely allied to N. communis, but is rather more globular, and generally smaller, and the aperture has a more nearly circular outline. It has less brilliant and defined coloring, and is always to be distinguished by its eroded tip, and the bright carnelian color of its inferior face.

NERITINA SIDEREA. Testa parva, ovata-globosa, polita, nitida, nigra, punctis sparsis albis notata: spira prominula, erosa ; anfr. 2-3 ; sutura marginata : apertura semicircularis, intus coe- rulescens; labio plano, angusto, luteo; columella acuta, vix denticulata. Operculum fuscum. Diam. } poll. Had. Feejees.

49

About the size of N. Betica, but more globose and solid ; the inner lip less extended, and yellow instead of bluish, and it also has the white specks by which alone it may be recognized. In N. Betica the cpercle is flesh-colored.

NeritTiIna Ama@NA. Testa parva, ovato-triangularis, posticé constricta, striis incrementalibus ordinatis bené insculpta, colori- bus nigris, rubris, flavidis plerumque fasciatim dispositis, et ma- culis quadratis albis nigro-umbratis tessellatim dispositis, picta : spira planulata, erosa, anfr. 2-3; apertura rotundato-elliptica, flavo-viridis ; labro angusto, plano; columella valdé arcuata, 10 denticulataé. Operculum viridulum, inornatum. Axis 53, lat. 3 poll.

This might be regarded as the young of N. polita. It is stri- ated like it, but it differs in the color of its aperture, and in its opercle ; and the shadowed white spots are constant and peculiar.

NeEnRITA Musiva. Testa modica, subsolida, transversa, ovoidea, ventricosa, fusco-cinerea, longitudinaliter crassé striata, sulcis volventibus ordinatis arata, liris interpositis planulatis, sub-gran- ulosis, lineolis crebris albidis sectis: apertura sub-circularis, cali- ciformis, peristomate sub-continuo: labro edentulo, albo, sulcis obliquis fuscis tenuiter arato; labio concavo, fusco, granulis paucis notato, denticulis tribus instructo. Axis J, lat. 8 poll.

This unusually-shaped Nerite looks like a Stomatella, with the whorls rounded in every direction, when viewed at the back. Its general form is somewhat like N. stgnata. It is remarkable for its nearly circular, cup-shaped aperture, its shining black, finely granulated concave pillar, and its gray, minutely mosaic surface produced by the white lines crossing its ridges.

Natica Lewisu. Testa proegrandis, solidiuscula, conico-globo- sa, albida, epidermide sordide stramineo induta, lineis minimis, con- fertissimis, flexuosis cincta ; spira anfr. 6 ventricosis posticé valdé constrictis : apertura obovata, ampla ; callo copioso albo castaneo- tincto supra umbilicum modicum simplicem profundum circum- ambiente, ad anfractum ultimum munita; fauce incarnata. Operculum corneum. Axis 43-5, lat. 4 poll. Hab. Puget Sound.

This certainly exceeds in size all other species yet discovered. It is allied to N. heros, some specimens of which occasionally approach it in size. It is however less globular, and distinguish-

7

50

ed by the remarkable constriction near the suture. Specimens were brought from the mouth of the Columbia, by Lewis and Clarke, and have been designated by the above name.

Natica caurina. ‘Testa parva, solida, levigata, globoso-ellip- soidea, albida, epidermide tenui stramineo induta, vix perforata : spira obtusa, erosa, anfr. 44, ultimo sub-tabulato, anticé sub- contracto ; apertura parva, semilunaris ; columella recta, posticeé callo copioso albo induté. Axis 3, diam. 2 poll. Hab. Straits of De Fuca.

Nearly the same as N. impervia, Phil. from Cape Horn, which has a very depressed spire, and its umbilic closed by a semicir- cular callus. Its form and color is like N. immaculata, Tott., though it is much larger. It is more solid and less globular than N. Grenlandica.

Natica sotuta. Testa parva, globosa, sordidé alba, striis tenuissimis cincta: spira anfr. 5 ventricosis, superné sub-tabula- tis; sutura profundissima : apertura semilunaris, angulo postico callo firmato; labio acuto, tenui, ad basim incrassato, subeffuso : columella recta, callosa, post umbilicum parvum profundum dila- tata. Diam. 4 poll.

A small, nearly globular shell, allied to N. borealis, Gray, and N. globosa, King, but distinguished by its deep-channeled suture.

Natica ateipa. ‘Testa parva, tenuis, globosa, glabra, albido- livescens : spira anfr. 4 ventricosis juxta suturam linearem tabu- latis, ultimo magno ampullaceo: apertura semilunaris; colu- mella areuata : basis umbilico modico spirali funiculato, ad aditum angulato, perforata. Long. $; lat. 2 poll. Hab. Rio Negro.

Differs from N. soluta principally in its sutural region, and in its umbilical region, in which latter respect it differs from several allied species such as N. globosa, N. borealis, &c.

Natica pinecta. Testa parva, globulosa, solida, sub epider- mide sordida eburnea, lineolis rubiginosis araneosis scutulata et prope suturam lituris castaneis maculata: spira rotundata, anfr. 5 ventricosis : apertura semilunaris ; labro crasso ; columella valdé callifera, callo anticé et ad funiculum castaneo, et canali trans- verso feré diviso; umbilico amplo, funiculo feré impleto. Long. $; lat. poll. Hab. ?

Has a general resemblance in size and form to N. maroccana,

‘ 5]

and must also be allied to N. lupinus, Desh. The whorls are closely appressed at the suture, and the network coloring is much like that on the bands of Conus ammiralis.

STOMATELLA DECOLORATA. ‘Testa auriformis, depressa, sub- perforata, albida maculis lacteis et labeculis sanguineis marmor- ata, costulis numerosis confertis cincta, striis minutis ad paginam superiorem interpositis : spira prominula, anfr. 4 planulatis, sutura profunda discretis: apertura obliqua, sub-circularis ; columella acuta, superné reflexiuscula, areola lata inornata adjacente. Long. $3; lat. 8; alt. 2 poll. Hab. Mangsi Island.

Allied to 8. maculata, Quoy, but the spire is less elevated, the aperture is more rounded, and above all, it is characterized by the plain white lunate area adjacent to the columella.

STOMATELLA TumIpA. ‘Testa subglobosa, ampullacea, tenuis, uitida, cinereo-olivacea, propé suturam albido et rufo seriatim maculata et lineolis sagittatis vittata, subtus flavescens, sulcis remotis cincta, sulcis basalibus fusco-articulatis: spira anfr. 4 tumidis: apertura circularis intus margaritacea ; labro acuto, albo ; columella revoluta, callo copioso, erecto, albo-striato mar- ginata. Long. 14; lat. #; alt. % poll. Had. China Seas, Moluccas.

Distinguished by its globular form, shining surface, peculiar coflee-colored ground with delicately painted feathery ridges and the large white erect columellar callus. It accords with the figure in Chemnitz, named Turbo papyracea, but that shell is described as perfectly smooth.

AMPULLARIA COLUMELLARIS. ‘Testa ponderosa, imperforata, rhomboidali-ovalis, nitida, sed sub lente arguté reticulata, flavo- viridis, fasciis rubidis cincta: spira elevata, anfr. 7 ventricosis : apertura semilunaris % longitud. testee adeequans ; columella axil- lari, preelonga, cylindrica, contorta ; labro flavido, evaso; fauce castaneo. Long. 23; lat. 2 poll. Hab. Province of Maynas, Peru.

Remarkable for its solidity, its elongated form, its want of umbilicus, and the presence of a columella like that of the buli- moid helices.

Amniconta BADIA. Testa minuta, elongata, ovato-turrita, badia : spira acuta, apice erosa, anfr. 5 convexiusculis, ultimo vix angu-

52

lato; sutura impressa: apertura ovata, peristomate continuo, obtuso, fusco. Long. +; lat. ~5 poll. Had. Banks’ Peninsula, N. Zealand.

A small elongated species like A. preissii of New Holland. Its color and its dark obtuse peristome give rather marked char- acters to a shell so small and simple.

AMNICOLA EGENA. ‘Testa minuta, tenuis, sub-perforata, elon- gato-turrita, epidermide virescente induta: spira acuta, anfr. 5 convexis ; sutura profunda: apertura ovata; peristomate con- tinuo, labro acuto, patente. Long. }; lat. +4 poll. Hab. Banks’ Peninsula, N. Zealand.

More slender and less solid than A. badia, and of an entirely different color. It is very much like Paludina acuta of Europe.

Lacuna carinata. ‘Testa parva, tenuis, ovato-globosa, epider- mide cornea tenui undulatim striata induta: spira anfr. 5 ventri- cosis, ultimo carina filos4 cincto : apertura semicircularis dimidiam testee adzquans; columella rotundata. Long. ;%;; lat. 4 poll. Hab. Puget Sound. °

In color and marking much like L. vincta of our shores. Our shell sometimes has the last whorl perceptibly angular, but it never has the filiform carina.

Liriopa pEecussaTa. ‘Testa parvula, perfragilis, acuto-conica, badia: spira anfr. 8 convexis, transversim striatis, apicalibus plicatis : apertura ovata anticé subtruncata ; labro simplici; col- umella arcuaté, antice unidentata. Long. 33,; lat. 74 poll. Found on floating wood, lat. 87° 40’ N., long. 54° 30’ W.

Agrees well with L. striata, Pfeiff., except that it is less than half the size.

Lirrorina pATuLA. Testa magna, solida, rudis, rotundato- ovata, cinereo-olivacea albido maculata: spira anfr. 5, ultimo magno, ventricoso; sutura vix impressa: apertura ampla, ro- tunda; columella lata, excavata, alba ; facie ventrali teste quasi attrita, et macula fusca notataé; fauce castanea, anticé albo- vittata. Long. 2, lat. $ poll. Had. San Francisco.

Remarkable for the amplitude of the aperture, the broad excavated columella, apparently ground away by the protrusion of the operculum. ;

Litrorina LEPIpA. ‘Testa parva, solida, elongata, biconica,

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nitida, livida vel sanguinea albido tessellata vel zonata presertim prope suturam et ad peripheriam, spiraliter crebré et tenuiter puncto-striata : spira acuto-conica, anfr. 5, ultimo angulato : aper- tura ovata; labro acuto, pallido; fauce rubra, albo-zonata ; col-

2

umella planulata, sanguinea. Long. 3, lat. 2 poll. Hab. Puget Sound.

A small, biconical species like L. lineata, characterized by its finely puncto-striate sculpture, its range of articulate spots, and by the blood-red color of the columella.

LitTorina scuTuLaTa. ‘Testa parva, ovato-conica, plerumque erosa, castanea vel livida albido inordinatim maculata, striis obso- letis cincta : spira anfr. 5, ultimo ventricoso : apertura laté ovata ; labro acuto, pallido; columella planata, antrorsum expansa ; fauce livido. Long. 2, lat. 2 poll. Hab. Puget Sound.

Allied to L. tenebrosa, but has a more elongate and acute spire ; also to L. lepida, but is more inelegant, and without the coloring of the base and aperture of that shell.

LITTORINA CALIGINOSA. ‘Testa parva, ovata, tenuis, levis vel lineis incrementalibus striata, epidermide fusco-virente luteo mac- ulato induta: spira, apice erosa, anfr. 4—5, ventricosis ; sutura profunda: apertura vix 4 longitud. testee adequans, rotundato- ovata ; labro continuo, acuto, pallido, vix everso; fauce livido. Long. +, lat. } poll. Had. Terra del Fuego.

Has the general characters of small specimens of L. tenebrosa, and its structure and color give it somewhat the aspect of a fresh water shell.

LitTorINa acuminata. ‘Testa parva, solida, nitida, elongata, conico-turrita, livida obscuré flammulata interdum maculis albidis articulatis cincta: spira acuta, anfr. 6, planulatis, ultimo suban- gulato ; sutura profunda: apertura ovata ; columella nitida, mori- tincta. Long. 3, lat. + poll. Hab. Mangsi Island.

A small, much elongated species in the style of L. lineata, known by its regular grooving, and its mulberry-tinted columella.

LitrorINa PLENA. ‘Testa parva, solida, ovata, cinereo-oliva- cea, interdum albido reticulata, striis spiralibus insculpta: spira parva, acuta, anfr. 5, ultimo globoso, subangulato ; sutura pro- funda : apertura parva, dilatata et angulata; columella planulata, rufa, albido marginata; fauce castanea, albo-zonato. Long. 7, lat. 4 poll. Hab. San Francisco.

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The globoseness of the last whorl is remarkable. It is less elongated than L. acuminata, and smaller, more polished, and with a smaller aperture than L. scutulata.

STILIFER AcIcULA. ‘Testa minuta, imperforata, elongato-subula- ta, acutissima, ad apicem integerrima et lente distorta, nitidissima, livido-lactea interdum flavescente: spira anfr. ad 12 planulatis ; sutura lucida: apertura angusta, ovalis ; labro simplici, antrorsum arcuato, anticé evoluto ; columella vix arcuaté. Long. 8, lat. <4, Hab. Fejee Islands, in Holothuria.

A much more delicate species than any one of Stilifer or Eulima described. The little Phastanella stilifera, Turt. (Stili- fer turtoni, Brod.) is somewhat like it. S. subulatus, from the West Indies, is much less slender.

SoLarium EGENUM. ‘Testa parva, ovato-conica, exalbida, sub- margaritacea : spira anfr. 6 convexis, liris acutis 4 cinctis, posterior- ibus granulatis: basis convexiuscula, perforata ; umbilico scalari- formi, ad ambitum acuto, crenulato: apertura circularis ; labiis feré continuis. Diam. ;%5, alt. 4 poll.

The characters of this shell do not bring it strictly within the typical form of Solarium, but its facies is rather that of Solarium than of Trochus. It is to be grouped with 8. dealbatum, Hinds, which it closely resembles. It is also similar in form, color, and size to Margarita obscura, Couthouy. Perhaps it would come under the genus Torini4, Gray.

Turso conFrRAGosus. ‘Testa solida, albida, pyramidata, rudis, rugosa; rugis parvis, obtusis, ad peripheriam et ad angulum anfractuum interdum in spinis compressis prominulis productis : spira anfr. ad 6, angulatis superné declivibus, ultimo ad peripher- iam acuto; sutura callosa: basis planulata, liris squamosis con- centricis inequalibus ad 8 cincta: apertura circularis; labro acuto, perobliquo ; columella curta anticé dentata ; fauce mar- garitacea. Lat. 14, alt. $ poll. Hab. Dean’s Island, Paumotu group.

This species has the low conical form, and bony aspect of the stellate species found in the West Indies. I know of no other similar one from the Pacific. Its wrinkled surface, polygonal whorls, and the squamous basal ridges mark it.

55

Turso sirius. Testa parva, imperforata, pyramidata, dilute beryllina, leviter corrugata; spira anfr. 4 conicis, infra obliqué plicatis, ad peripheriam acutis et spinis compressis ad 18 armatis: basis planulata, stellaris, liris concentricis muricatis ad 5 insculp- tis; regione columellari arcuata, levigaté; labro perobliquo. Diam. 3, axis 335 poll. Hab. New Holland.

The multitude and regularity of the triangular projections of the periphery, when viewed from below, give the base a beauti- ful star-like form, much like T. stedlaris.

Turpo tacinratus. Testa rudis, depresso-conica, cinerea roseo-tincta: spira anfr. 4, irregulariter plicatis, plicis ad peri- pheriam acutissimis, dilatatis et in spinis elongatis compressis excurrentibus: basis convexiuscula, liris muricatis concentricis 10 — 12 insculpta: apertura circularis ; columella levi, arcuata, rosea ; labio perobliquo: faux margaritacea. Lat. 3, alt. 2 poll. Hab. Manilla. -

Closely allied to T. rhodostomus, Lk., but wants the double series of spines at the periphery.

TrocHus pruNINUS. ‘Testa solidula, elevata, ovato-conica, levis, nitida, prunina, lineis capillaceis numerosis cincta: spira anfr. 7 convexiusculis, ultimo subangulato; sutura profunda : apertura subcircularis ; columella rotundata, alba, anticé roseo- tincta, subsinuosa : interior margaritacea, vivide iridescens. Alt. %, lat. = poll. Had. Auckland Island.

This peculiarly colored species has the form, thickness, and appearance of the delicately lineated specimens of Littorina angulifera.

TROcHUS TEXTURATUS. ‘Testa conica, imperforata, solida, cin- erea viridi vel roseo-tincta, liris volventibus roseo-maculatis et laminis incrementi tenuibus clathrata: spira anfr. 7, vix convexis, ultimo sub-angulato: apertura rotundata, anticé evoluta; col- umella rotundata, labro declivi, acuto: interior margaritacea, iridescens. Alt. 1, lat. 3% poll. Hab. New Zealand.

This may be well compared with the coarse, solid, sulcated variety of Littorina angulifera.

Trocuus Lticatus. Testa solida, ovato-conica, imperforata, costulis rotundatis flavescentibus ubique cincta, intervallis incar-

56

natis concinné clathratis, ad apicem violacea: spira anfr. 6 con- vexis: apertura circularis; columella recta rotundata; labro crenulato: regio umbilicalis vix indentata. Alt. ?, lat. 2 poll. Hab. Puget Sound.

This shell resembles, in most respects, T. doliarius ; small specimens are like Margarita cinerea, Couth.

Trocuus PpuriILLus. ‘Testa parva, elevato-conica, margaritacea extrinsecus incana, filis virido-fuscis ubique cincta, ad interval- los minutissimé clathrata: spira anfr. 6 convexis : basis planius- cula, fissura umbilicali perforata: apertura circularis ; columella arcuata : faux fulgida, minutissimé punctata. Liat. 4, alt. 33, poll. Hab. New Zealand.

Somewhat similar to T. Zigatus, but much smaller, more del- icate, more nacreous within, and partially umbilicated. It is still more like Margarita cinerea, but is more solid, and more del- icately marked.

Trocuus sucunpus. ‘Testa parva, solida, conica, flammulis radiantibus invicem coccineis incarnatis et albis picta: spira anfr. 6 sub-angulatis, filis granulosis alternis minoribus cinctis : basis convexiuscula, imperforata, liris concentricis linearibus articulatim pictis insculpta ; regione umbilicali indentata : aper- tura rhomboidea; columella arcuata, levi; labro simplici. Long. 2, alt. 2 poll. Hab. New Zealand.

A very beautiful shell, both in color and sculpture, quite dis- tinct from any described species.

Trocuus Grapatus. Testa parva, solida, perforata, ovato- conica, turrita, cinerea ferrugineo-flammulata: spira anfr. 5, declivibus, ultimo carinis duabus biangulato quorum suprema secundum spiram volvat; interspatio trilineato et concinné cla- thrato: basis convexiuscula, liris granulatis concentricis ad 8 insculpta; umbilico amplo, infundibuliformi : apertura circularis ; columella tenui, recta, anticé dentifera. Alt. 2, diam. 2 poll. Hab. Pacific Islands»

In most respects it is like T. eximius, Reeve, which, however, is imperforate. It is also somewhat like T. sulcatus, Wood’s Sup.

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Trocuus actnosus. Testa solida, convexo-conica, eruginosa, seriebus 4 papillarum insignis et lineolis capillaceis volventibus ubique insculpta; serie anticé majori: spira anfr. 6 planiusculis, ultimo acutangulato: basis excavata, cinerea, filis concentricis fuscis cincta ; interspatiis indentatis ; regione umbilicali infundi- buliformi et costis duabus tri-partitaé: apertura rhombea ; colu- mella levi, contorta ; labro simplici, perobliquo. Diam. 4, alt. 3 poll. Hab. New Zealand.

The peculiarities of this species are, the series of tubercles on the delicately lineated ground, the excavated base with its thread- like unbeaded lines, and the two white ribs in the umbilical pit. May be compared with T. vernus, Chem.

Trocuus ELisus. Testa parva, elevato-conica, imperforata, cinerea: spira anfr. 6 declivibus, sutura fossali valdé profunda discretis, costulis transversis granosis tribus (quorum interme- diani minore) cincta, interspatiis clathratis: basis convexa, cos- tulis clathratis insculpta : apertura subcircularis ; columella gran- ulata ; labro intus sulcato. Diam. %, alt. 3 poll. Dredged at Singapore. .

Distinct from any described species. Its markings are deeply sculptured, and its peculiar sutural region is a character which cannot fail to be noticed at first glance. It is quite probable that it may be colored differently when quite fresh.

TRocHUS BICRENATUS. Testa pyramidata, flavescens, flam- mulis rufis alternis saturatioribus ornata, lineis equalibus granu- losis cincta: spira anfr. 7—8, pené concavis, ad peripheriam acutis et denticulis roseo-crenulatis ad 15 munitis: basis planu- lata; vortice umbilicali eburnea: apertura trapezoidea; colu- mella contorta. Diam. 7, alt. 2 poll.

The species most resembling it are T. fimbriatus, Lam., and T. Buschii, Phil.; but from these and all others it is well distin- guished by its doubly crenate margin, as viewed from below. The profile outline is a little concave.

Trocuus circumsutus. Testa solida, elevata, accuraté conica, imperforata : spira anfr. 9 subangulatis, superné declivibus, infra nodis obliquis et liris granosis cinctis: color cinerea, portionibus cavatis saturaté olivaceis suturas simulantibus: basis planulata, sulcis filiformibus concentricis ad 12 insculpta ; regione umbilicali

8

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eburnea: apertura transversa, sub-rhombea; columella brevi, acuta, contorta. Lat. 59, alt. 39; poll. Hab. Madagascar ?

In form and sculpture this may be compared with the tip of T. pica. The peculiar coloration, representing courses of olive- colored stitches is characteristic.

Trocnus spurcus. ‘Testa parva, solida, globoso-conica, nitida, ubique striis volventibus exilibus insculpta, obliqué strigis angu- latis stramineis et fuscis alternantibus variegata, propé suturam maculis quadratis quoque picta: spira anfr. 4—5 ventricosis, ultimo subangulato; sutura impressa : basis concavo-conica, im- perforata vel arcté umbilicata: apertura perobliqua, circularis ; columella arcuata ; labro acuto, simplici; fauce submargaritacea. Diam. 3, alt. 33; poll. Hab. Madeira.

Has most of the characters of T. Fermoni, but is very much smaller, wants the peculiar channelled shoulder of the whorls, and the widely open umbilicus.

Trocuus am@nus. Testa parvula, depressa, globoso-conica, levis, nitida, fusca, punctis luteis ubique irrorata, et maculis piceis cum flavidis alternantibus ad suturam et ad peripheriam ornata: spira anfr. 4—5 convexis, ad suturam constrictis: basis convexa, imperforata, concentricé striata: apertura sub-circu- laris; regione columellari complanata, alba; columella anticé dentifera ; labro acuto, striato; fauce livida, margaritacea. Diam. zp, alt. 5 poll. Hab. Feejee Islands.

A pretty shell, allied to some of the Mediterranean species, like T. Lessoni. Its small size, minutely freckled surface, with the articulated bands of black and yellow, may mark it.

Trocuus (Monodonta) cotusrinus. Testa depressa, conico- globosa, imperforata, olivacea maculis subquadratis hepaticis tessellata, sulcis inequalibus minimé profundis cincta: spira anfr. 5, planiusculis, ultimo ad peripheriam obtusé angulato: basis convexiuscula, regione centrali absque colorem: apertura semi-circularis, columella acuta, anticé truncata et dentem men- tiente ; labro acuto, viridi; fauce submargaritacea. Diam. {, alt. & poll. Hab. Madeira.

This shell has the form and texture of Tr. umbilicaris. It seems not to be an uncommon shell, but I find no description of it.

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Trocuus (Moncdonta) instrictus. Testa parva, elevata, ovato-conica, arcté perforata, albida et maculis diluté rufis propé suturam picta: spira anfr. 5, convexiusculis, sub-imbricatis, sutura profunda canaliformi sejunctis, liris acutis ubique cinctis, interspatiis concinné clathratis : basis convexa: apertura oblique semicircularis ; columella acuta, obliqua, in dentem terminante ; labro incrassato, intus sulcato, juxta columellam rugoso et emar- ginato. Long. 3, lat. 8; poll. Hab. Pacific Islands.

Trocuus (Monodonta) arropurpurEus. Testa parva, depressa, ovato-conica, atropurpurea, liris granulosis ubique cincta: spira anfr. 5-6, ultimo subangulato: basis convexiuscula, laté per- forata; umbilico cavernoso, limine acuto, denticulato, prope colu- mellam interrupto: apertura circularis ; columella obliqua, acuta, anticé dentata, emarginata; labro albo et nigro articulato, intus sulcato ; fauce margaritaceo. Alt. 35, lat. 33, poll. Habitat, Tutuilla, Navigator Islands.

Allied to T. pharaonis and T. canaliculata, in its habitus and umbilicus, but more like T. corallinus in size and general charac- ters. Its uniform color and granulation, toothed margin of the umbilic, with the conspicuous tooth above, are its characters.

Trocuus (Monodonta) roTELLINUs. ‘Testa parva, solida, len- ticularis, nitida, fissura latebrosa perforata, diluté incarnata, flammulis flexuosis saturatioribus, et seriebus duobus transversis macularum fuscarum variegata: spira anfr. 5, convexiusculis: apertura parva, subcircularis ; columella perobliqua, arcuata pos- ticé ab anfractu sejuncta, anticé in dentem acutum terminante ; labro propé dentem quasi emarginato. Diam. 3, alt. 4 poll. Hab. Mangsi Island.

This curious little shell would at first be taken by its form, polish, and color, for a Rotella, while the notch of the aperture resembles that of Buccinum neriteum. But its umbilic and col- umella place it with Monodonta, or more properly in that sub- division of Trochus named Clanculus by Montfort.

Trocuus TANTILLUS. Testa minuta, conico-discoidea, flavido- cinerea, lineis radiantibus flexuosis fuscis picta: spira depressa, anfr. 4—5 angulatis, ultimo ad peripheriam dilatato, acuto: basis convexiuscula, perforata, flavida, liris duabus concentricis pro-

60

clivibus munita: apertura obliquissima. Axis 75, diam. } poll. Hab. Sandwich Islands.

I have met with no description of a species so small as this, and yet its characters are very prominent. Its form and concen- tric ridges give it the aspect of a conical operculum.

PLANAXIS LINEOLATUS. ‘Testa minuta, solida, acuto-conica, ex albido fuscescens, lineis castaneis numerosis cincta: spira acuta, anfr.6—8 planulatis, supernis granulatis, ultimo 3 teste longitud. eequante, ad peripheriam sub-angulato: basis spiraliter striata: apertura rotundato-ovata, posticé haud callifera; labro pallido, vel fusco tessellato, intus denticulato; fauce fusco. Axis 4, diam. 3 poll. Hab. Wilson’s Island.

This litile shell is not infrequent in cabinets, but I find no de- scription of it.

PyRAMIDELLA AMBIGUA. ‘Testa minuta, albida, imperforata, ovato-subulata, costis longitudinalibus exilibus ad 20 ornata, inter- vallis spiraliter striatis : spira acuta, anfr. ad 10 planulatis : aper- tura auriculata, anticé subeffusa ; columella callosa, gibbosa, an- ticé sinuata; labro simplici, incrassato. Axis }; diam. ;y poll. Hab. Clermont Tonnere Island.

The characters of this little shell, which I have for the present placed under Pyramidella, are somewhat abnormal. Its size and sculpture would suggest Truncatella ; its aperture is somewhat like the effuse form of Eulima; the form of aperture is a'so like Pyramidella, though it has no proper plaits, but merely an intru- sion of callus with an adjacent sinus in place of them, and in this, is like Monotigma.

Cerituium (Potamis) sacratum. ‘Testa rudis, elongata, badia et fascia lutea cincta: spira turrita, anfr. ad 10 convyexis, vix angulatis, et liris obsoletis cinctis, supernis plicatis, ultimo glo- boso, abnormali, varice magno munito; sutura profunda, luted: apertura rotundata, antice effusa, haud emarginata ; labro everso, polito, piceo: operculum multispirale. Long. 13; lat. § poll. Hab. Sacramento River, California.

Allied to C. varicosum, Sowb. The surface, though not smooth, is destitute of longitudinal ribs except near the tip ; it has also a pale sutural region and a less marked canal.

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CERITHIUM ADUNCUM. ‘Testa solida, distorta, acuminato-con- ica, leviuscula, filis tenuibus cincta, luteo-cinerea, fusco-tincta : spira acuminata, anfr. 9 planis, suturaé vix discretis, ultimo gib- boso, valdé deflecto: apertura angusta, callosa, in canalem adscendentem producta; labro crasso, simplici; fauce livido. Long. 1; lat. 2 poll. Hab. Mindanao.

This smooth, solid, dusky species is plainly marked by its peculiarly distorted form, the last whorl being so flexed upon the others that its ventral outline is straight, while the dorsal outline is remarkably arched.

CERITHIUM IRRORATUM. ‘Testa ovato-conica, transversim stri- olata, fusco-nigricans, punctis elongatis cinereis irrorata: spira conica, anfr. 7, planulatis, longitudinaliter undulatis, ultimo dimidiam teste superante ; sutura obsoleta : apertura rotundato- elliptica; labro declivi; canali brevissimo; fauce livido, albo- fasciato. Long. ?; lat. # poll. Hab. ?

Generally resembling C. ocellatum, Lam., which has a median tuberculated angle on each whorl and an excavated sutural region, while this has a regularly curved outline and folded surface. The pale spots are less numerous, and the proportions of the aperture are different.

CERITHIUM soRDIDULUM. ‘Testa elongata, rubiginoso-albida, costellis numerosis et filis volventibus alternatim majoribus reti- culata : spira turrita, acuminata, anfr. 11 planulatis, ultimo vari- coso, granuloso; sutura profunda: apertura ampla, ovato-rotun- data ; labro crenulato, extus incrassato, rufo-tincto ; rostro atten- uato, valdé recurvo ; fauce alba. Long. + lat. 4 poll. Hab. ?

In its general structure, especially in the development of the last whorl, this may be compared with C. columna, Sowb., but it differs entirely in sculpture, its beak is very much shorter, and it is very much smaller.

CERITHIUM INVAGINATUM. ‘Testa elongato-turrita, sordidé alba, ad apicem et interdum ad rostrum rufescens, filis tenuibus cincta; spira anfr. 10-12 angulato-convexis, superné tabulatis, inferné constrictis, nodoso-plicatis et concinné lamelloso-rugosis, ultimo carinato: apertura subquadrata, alba; rostro gracili, recurvato. Long. {, lat. } poll. Hab. Feejee Islands.

A very peculiar species. The tuberose whorls narrowed an-

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teriorly, so as to appear when viewed from above as if crowded into each other, and the very delicate wrinkling of their superior portion renders the diagnosis clear.

CERITHIUM c#LATUM, Couthouy MS. Testa subulato-turrita, diluté rufa: spira anfr. ad 13 vix convexis, longitudinaliter crebré sulcatis, et lineis duabus impressis cinctis, ultimo anfr. ad basim inornato ; sutura impressa : apertura rotundata; columella arcu- ata, rostro brevissimo. Long. ?; lat. + poll. Hab. Terra del Fuego.

This species belongs to the same group as C. durritella, which itresembles ; but in its delicate form it still more strongly resem- bles C. sardoum, Cantr.

CERITHIUM FILosum. ‘Testa parva, elongato-turrita: spira anfr. ad 8 planulatis, sulcis et liris alternantibus equalibus ad 4 cinctis, coloribus cinereis et pallidé rufis partitis; sutura impressa : apertura parva, semi-elliptica, anticé emarginata ; col- umella vix arcuata; labro acuto. Long. 3, lat. + poll. Hab. Puget Sound.

Only a single specimen of this turritella-like Cerithium has been examined. It is of the same type as C. calatum, and is well characterized by its simple revolving lines and grooves, and its coloration.

CERITHIUM PUSILLUM. Testa minuta, fulva, turrita, varicosa, longitudinaliter undata, undis ad 10, prope basim evanescentibus : spira acuminata, anfr. 8 convexis, filis tenuibus granulosis 4 cinc- tis, anfractu ultimo multicincto: apertura lata, ovata, obliqua ; rostro brevissimo ; labro varicoso ; columella arcuaté. Long. 4, lat. js poll. Hab. Sandwich Islands.

A little shell about the size, and with many of the characters of C. Emersonii. It also resembles C. ferrugineum, Say, but is much smaller.

CERITHIUM EGENUM. ‘Testa minuta, lanceolata, albida, ad basim maculis parvis fuscis notata : spira acuminata, anfr. ad 10 conyexiusculis, filis ad 5 cinctis, quorum centrali et suturali ma- joribus, anfractu ultimo utrinque varicoso: apertura rotundato- ovalis ; rostro brevissimo ; columella posticé callosa. Long. #, lat. 4 poll. Hab. Wilson’s Island.

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The characters of this little shell are somewhat negative, but on the whole it may be distinguished by its sharp revolving lines having a tendency to granulation, without longitudinal folds; the little blotches in the region of the rostrum seem to be constant. It is a little like C. lacteum, but much smaller.

CERITHIUM IANTHINUM. ‘Testa parva, tenuis, ovato-lanceolata, violacescens sed labro sutura et varicibus albis: spira acuminata, anfr. trivaricosis ad 10, filis tenuibus ad 8 cinctis, quorum medi- ani majori et granoso ad anfractus apicales: apertura ovato-ro- tundata; rostro brevissimo; columella vix callosa. Long. 3, lat. 53, poll. Hab. Clermont Tonnere.

If this be not the young of some other species, which I some- what suspect, it is very well marked by its color alone. The contrasting of the white and violet, and its numerous ribs being beautifully displayed. It is larger than C. egenum.

PLEUROTOMA SEMINIFERA. ‘Testa subulato-turrita, fuscescens, filis deorsum crescentibus cincta: spira anfr. ad 12, juxta sutu- ram carinatis, deinde excavatis, ad medium nodulis obliquis rubris ornatis : apertura angusta, 2 long. testee adequans; cauda brevi ; sinu equé lata ac profunda ; columella rectiuscula ; fauce livido.

Long. 12; lat. 2 poll. Hab. ———.

Closely allied to P. interrupta, Lk., but differing from figures of it in color, and from the description in having a more deci- dedly excavated girdle in front of the suture, in the greater obliquity of the folds, and in their not reaching to the suture below.

MANGELIA ciTHAaRA. ‘Testa parva, rhomboideo-fusiformis, cin- erea, costis acutis longitudinalibus 7 instructa, interstitiis conca- vis, subtiliter transversim striatis : spira turrita, anfr. 7 bené dis- cretis, ultimo ovato-triangulari 3 long. teste adequante : apertura angusta, labro lato, varicoso, posticé rectangulari, vix sinuato ; columella concinné rugosa. Long. 2; lat. 3%; poll. Hab. Feejee Islands.

Much like M. Hornbeckii, a West Indian species, but has a much narrower aperture, fewer ribs, and the last whorl shorter. M. pessulata has also many more ribs, and is much less acumi- nated anteriorly.

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Fusus tiratus, Couth. MS. Testa parva, solida, ovato-fusi- formis, straminea, longitudinaliter plicis angularibus instructa et striis profundis cincta ; spira brevis, conica ; anfr. 7, ventricosis posticé angulatis, ultimo % long. testee adequante, antrorsum in rostrum tenuem, contortum subito contracto: apertura angusta, ovata, in canalem obducta; columella polita, contorta, alba. Long. }, lat. 3 poll. Dredged at Orange Harbor.

The prominent trigonal ribs, cut by the deep, somewhat dis- tant revolving lines, with its slender rostrum, are characteristic of this species. It resembles Buccinum cancellarioides, Reeve.

Fusus crispus, Couth. MS. Testa parva, subrhomboidea, elongata, rudis, cinerea, plicis laminosis 8 variciformibus e striis laxis incrementalibus compositis instructa, et liris obtusis cincta: spira acuto-conica, anfr. 7-8, convexis, posticé plus minusve angulatis, ultimo ventricoso, ¥ long. testee adequante, antrorsum in rostrum acutum subitd attenuato: apertura rotundato-ovata, labro semicirculari, crenulato ; columella rectiuscula. Long. 7; lat. 5% poll. Dredged at Orange Harbor.

This species, from its variciform plaits might be regarded as a Murex, were it not for its rostrum, and its animal. ‘The form varies greatly, as well as the degree of angularity of the whorls ; but the peculiar lax arrangement of the stages of growth, espe- cially where they form the varices, allows of no mistake.

Fusus inctsus. Testa elongato-ovata, livido-cinerea, striis profundis volventibus saturatioribus incisa: spira conica, anfr. 7 convexis, apicalibus undulatis, ultimo 3 long. teste ; rostro brevi, vix recurvo: apertura 3 long. teste, angusta, subovalis ; labro arcuato, acuto, crenulato; columella rectiuscula, levi, subcon- torta, purpurascente; faux livido-fusca, sulcata. Long. 13; lat. Z poll. Hab. ———.

This buccinoid species should perhaps be grouped with the genus Pollia of Gray. It has no remarkable characters except its dingy livid brown color, and the deep cut revolving lines.

Fosus rivicuta. Testa parva, tenuis, albida, longitudinaliter lamelloso-costata, costis 24, striis volventibus ad 8 decussatis: spira conica, turrita; anfr. 7 tabulatis, ultimo in rostro brevi subito attenuato: apertura angusta, dimidiam long. teste haud eequans, posticé angulata; labro acuto, crenulato; columella

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posticé arcuata, alba, polita. Long. 3%; lat. 9 poll. Hab. Puget Sound.

The counterpart of F. turricula, from some varieties of which it would not at first be distinguished; but it is smaller, more solid, the longitudinal ribs more lamellar and more decidedly cut by the revolving lines, which are also less numerous.

Fusus orpHeus. ‘Testa parva, elongata, cinerea: spira tur- rita, anfr. 6 superné angulatis, lamellis acutis longitudinalibus muricatis, et filis transversis cinctis ; anfr. ultimo posticé ventri- coso, antrorsum in rostrum vix reflexum attenuato: apertura elliptica, 1 long. teste, posticé angulata ; labro acuto; columella anticé intrudente; fauce carnicolori. Long. 4; lat. + poll. Hab. Puget Sound.

More ‘slender, the beak longer, the longitudinal bars less numerous and more lamellar than in F. fidicula ; in form it is more like F. bamffius.

Fusus sustutus. ‘Testa parva, tenuis, elongata, pallida vel ad basim et ad suturam livida, longitudinaliter costata, costis ad 12 erectis, obtusis, ad suturam haud attigentibus, sed secundum rostrum productis: spira acuto-conica, anfr. 7-8 convexis, api- calibus levibus, ceteris minutissimé decussatis, ultimo sub-globoso 4 teste long. adequante: apertura angusta, posticé angulata ; labro postic€é arcuato ; fauce castaneo, albo fasciato. Long. 2; lat. } poll. Hab. ———.

The last whorl and beak are unusually short, with much the aspect of a Mangelia. ‘The coloring of the aperture is very decided, while the surface looks dead and chalky.

TRITON BRASILIANUM. Testa rhomboidea, elongata, rufescens, epidermide tenui longitudinaliter hic illic fimbriato induta: spira conico-turrita, anfr. 6, tabulatis, supernis costis quadratis duabus ad apicem granulatis cinctis; anfr. ultimo triangulari costis 6 undato-nodosis antrorsum diminuentibus cincto, in rostrum vix recurvum producto: apertura 4 long. teste ovato-lunata; labro valdé varicoso, costis supereuntibus, interspatiis fuscis, plicis geminatis albis munitis ; columella castanea rugis albis obliquis ornata. Long. 2, lat. 1} poll. Hab. Rio Janeiro.

This appears to be one of several species confounded under the Linnean T. doliarium. Deshayes has indicated it as a dis-

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tinct species, but has not described it. The coloring is like T. doliarium, but the form and cincture is more like 7. cutaceum. The aperture and lip is like 7. pileare, and it may be regarded as intermediate between the two latter species.

Triton muNDUM. Testa parva, solida, oblongo-rhomboidea, straminea, epidermide tenui, sparsim hirsuto induta: spira conica, anfr. 4, convexiusculis, ultimo gibboso, tri-nodoso, in rostrum rectiusculum attenuato, costulis tribus et liris intermedianis cincto et filis continuis longitudinalibus decussato: apertura angusta, ovalis, 4 testa adequans; labro crasso, tuberculis geminatis 7 crenato; columella arcuata, posticé dentifera; fauce albo. Long. §; lat. 2 poll. Hab. Tutuilla, Samoa Islands.

This might be regarded as the young of 7. nodosum; but besides bearing all the marks of maturity, it is more slender, the longitudinal lines are stronger, and the lip is white.

Pos varicosus. Testa elongata, lanceolata, fulvida, rubi- ginoso-cincta, costis lamellosis ad 16 clathrata, quorum ad tribus in singulis anfractibus, variciformibus, pallidioribus, interspatiis duplo latioribus, concavis et lineis incrementi striatis, omnibus filis volventibus retrorsum acclinatis decussatis: spira turrita, anfr. 9—10 superne turgidis: apertura angusta, lunata, posticeé rotundata 4 long. teste adequans; labro simplici, intus sulcato, rosaceo ; columella 4 plicata ; canali siphonali brevi. Long. 14, lat. 3°; poll. Hab. Philippine Islands.

This curious shell is somewhat anomalous, having the varicose spire of a Triton, but the unequivocal aperture of Phos. It may be compared with P. retecosus, Hinds, having the more slender form and finer reticulation, but with the peculiar varicose lip, and nearly the same size and color. It is perhaps still more like P. senticosus, but it is much less asperous, and peculiarly inflated near the suture.

Morex (Trophon) rruticosus. Testa parva, tenuis, subrhom- boidea, straminea: spira anfr. 5-6 angulatis, superné concavo- declivibus, serie mediani spinarum armatis, spinis ad 6 tubulosis, subramosis, recurvo-adscendentibus ; anfr. ultimo series tres spinarum lamellis longitudinalibus conjunctarum gerente: aper- tura ovato-trigona, 4 teste long. adequans ; rostro brevi, dextror-

=<

sum deflecto. Long. ?; lat. 3 poll. Hab. New Holland.

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It has the form, size, and armature of M. noduliferus, Sowb., which is described as being transversely striated, and with a very short canal.

Buccinum (Bullia?) veratum. ‘Testa solida, ovato-lanceo- lata, levis, polita, livido-violacea, albido-reticulata, versus labrum pallescens, et lineolis rubiginosis cincta : spira acuto-conica, anfr. 7-8 convexiusculis, serie suturali gemmularum coronatis, ultimo 2 long. teste adequante et ad basim spiraliter striato: apertura ovalis, posticé canaliculata ; labro acuto, extrorsum incrassato, intus 10-sulcato; sinu siphonali obliquo, profundo, castaneo- tincto. Long. 1; lat. 2 poll. Hab. Mindanao.

This may be compared with Buccinum vittatum, but is smaller, and proportionally shorter. Its aperture has the posterior callus, and small, closed siphonal notch of Nassa. The sutural vitta is very delicate ; and its peculiar coloration, especially its pale lace- like reticulation, is quite distinctive.

Buccinum FUNEREUM. ‘Testa elongata, ovato-conica, lurido- cinerea, striis tenuibus cincta: spira turrita, anfr. 6-'7 superné excayatis, inferné plicis longitudinalibus undatis: apertura angusta, ovalis, ad dimidiam long. teste ; labro simplici, posticé emarginato ; columella rectiuscula; fauce hepatica. Long. 1; lat. 3 poll, Hab. New Zealand.

Another of the peculiar group of liver-colored Buccina from Australia, which seem to have a loose, porous, ash-colored super- ficial layer, with a posterior notch to the aperture, ( T’ritonium ?) It is well marked by the excavated constriction near the suture, and the coronated appearance produced by the termination of the folds at the middle of the whorls.

Buccinum FossAtumM. ‘Testa tenuis, ovata, ventricosa, rufo- cinerea, annulis et sulcis subequalibus cincta: spira conica, anfr. 7 convexis, supernis clathratis, ultimo ventricoso, posticé declivi et obliqué fluctuato: anticé brevissimé rostrato ; rostro canalli valdeé effosso cincto: apertura lata, ovato-quadrata ; labro valdé arcuato; columella obliqué lirataé et callo tenui induté. Long. 14; lat. 1 poll.

Hab. Puget Sound and Mouth of Columbia River.

Its thin structure, ventricose form, the very oblique folds on the upper part of the large whorl, and the remarkable channel around the base of the siphonal notch, are its chief characters. It be-

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longs to the same group as NV. trivittata, Say. On some speci- mens a fine thread intervenes between the broader rings.

Buccinum (Pollia) Farinosum. Testa parva, solida, ovato- rhomboidea, lutescens rufo cincta, spiraliter granulato-filosa, lon- gitudinaliter undato-plicata, plicis ad 8 acutis demum numerosis et propé labrum acutum in varicem terminantibus : spira brevis, conica, anfr. 6 convexis, ultimo antrorsum acuminato, sub-reflexo : apertura angusta, lunata, labro intus 6 plicato ; columella rugoso- granulosa, callosa; fauce albo. Long. ¢ ; lat. 5; poll.

Hab. Sandwich Islands, Kauai.

This little muriciform species is quite pretty ; and appears to belong to the group of which B. undosum is the type.

Nassa mustva. ‘Testa solida, ovato-conica, polita, albido et olivaceo marmorata, coloribus in maculis quadratis tessellatim dispositis: spira conica, anfr. 6-7 convexis, bené discretis, ul- timo 2 long. teste, propé labrum pallidiori, longitudinaliter plicato et lineolis olivaceis cincto: apertura + long. teste, ovalis, posticé canaliculata; columella valdé arcuata, obliqué sulcaté; labro intus sulcato, sulcis fuscatis. Long. 4; lat. .% poll. Hab. Cape de Verds.

This is one of the most beautiful species of the genus, and is well characterized by its polished surface, and its clouding of white and olive, made up of little quadrate spots, arranged in encircling series resembling mosaic. It may be B. pictum,

Dunker.

Nassa Luripa. ‘Testa solida, conico-ovata, levis, livido- cinerea albido-variegata: spira conica, acuta, turrita, anfr. 7-8 convexiusculis, superné tabulatis et ad angulum crenato-nodosis, apicalibus plicatis, ultimo anticé sulcis 8 —4 cincto et poné labrum plicato ; sutura canaliculaté: apertura 3 long. teste, ovalis, pos- ticé emarginata; columella posticé lamellifera, anticé dentifera ; labro acuto, albo, extus incrassato, intus suleato; canali siphonali profundo. Long. 7%5; lat. $ poll. Hab. Samoa Islands, Tu- tuilla.

Resembles IV. musiva in surface and color, but the spire is more elevated, and there is merely a mottling of colors without any definite arrangement.

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Nassa curta. T. abbreviata, ovato-conica, lutescens inter- dum rufo subfasciata, subspinosa, longitudinaliter plicata ; plicis ad 13 tenuibus, acutis, liris conspicuis decussatis: spira conica, anfr. 6 convexiusculis; ultimo globoso 2 long. testee adequante : apertura rotundato-ovalis ; labro crenulato, intus sulcato, extror- sum incrassato; columella callo copioso granuloso induta; sinu siphonali angusto, profundo. Long. 3%; lat. 38; poll. Had. Samoa Islands.

Remarkable for its broad, abbreviated form. In some of its characters it is allied to NV. muricata, but its surface has much more numerous and more delicate asperities. Some specimens are distorted and still more finely sculptured, losing in a great degree the longitudinal folds. Bucc. scabrum, Dunker, must be like it, but is described as larger, more solid, and slender.

Nassa cINcTELLA. TT. solida, ovato-conica, nitida, albida linea unica rufa cincta, plicis longitudinalibus acutis ad 10 et striis volventibus ad 8 decussata: spira conica, anfr. 7 planius- culis angusté tabulatis, ultimo subgloboso 2 long. teste ade- quante: apertura angusta, ovalis, 4 long. teste haud equans ; labro crenulato, extus incrassato, intus 7-sulcato ; columelle callo haud appresso, concinné rugoso; incisura siphonali angusta, pro- funda. Long. 3%; lat. + poll. Hab. Pacific Ocean.

This very pretty shell is well marked by its short conical form, its few prominent ribs, shouldered whorls, and thread-like vitta. It accords well with Bucc. Jonasii, Dunker, except that one of the principal characters of that shell is to have the interior of the lip smooth.

Nassa casta. Testa tenuis, lanceolata, vitrea, alba fasciis rubiginosis binis cincta, longitud. costato-plicata; plicis ad 14, striis remotis volventibus decussantibus: spira acuto-conica, anfr. 8 convexiusculis, apicalibus politis, ultimo 2 long. teste ade- quante: apertura elliptica; labro acuto, intus 11-striato; colu- mella callosa, concinné corrugata ; sinu siphonaliamplo. Long. 2; lat. + poll. Hab. Pacific Ocean.

This elongated, glistening shell has no one with which it may be well compared. It is a little like Bucc. macula in size and form, but in other respects it is more like B. Cuvieri.

Nassa actnosa. ‘'T. solida, ventricosa, ovata, lutescens cine-

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reo obscuré fasciata, papillis e sulcis volventibus et longitudinali- bus «qué remotis ubique obsita, serie suturali majori: spira conica, anfr. ad 8 planis, declivibus, superne tabulatis, ultimo magno, ventricoso: apertura parva, angusta; labro acuto pos- ticé sinuato, intus 5-6 sulcato; columella valdé concava, pos- ticé lamelligera, callo tenuiinduta ; regione siphonali plano, albo, sinu amplo, profundo; fauce fusco-fasciata. Long. 3% ; lat. 345 poll. Hab. —?

Differs from the shell given by Kiener as young B. marginula- tum by its more ventricose form, much coarser sculpture, less elongated spire, and the presence of the posterior lamina on the pillar. It may be compared with Bucc. Gruneri, Dunker.

Nassa paupera. T. parva, solida, ovato-lanceolata, albida linea rufa unica cincta, longitrorsum 18-costulata, et liris con- tinuis cincta: spira acuto-conica, anfr. 6-7 ventricosis, ultimo brevi, subgloboso ; sutura profunda: apertura parva, subcircu- laris, 4 long. testa adequans; labro arcuato, intus 10-striato ; columella anticé producta, callo granuloso haud appresso pareé induta. Long. 2; lat. 4 poll. Hab. Pacific Ocean.

Much resembling Bucc. coccinella, but smaller, less ponderous, more slender, the last whorl proportionally larger, the ribs less numerous, but the revolving lines more so.

Nassa MENpDIcA. ‘Testa parva, rudis, solidula, elongata, rufo- cinerea, longitrorsum undato-plicata, spiraliter crebré lirata, epi- dermide tenui lutoso induta: spira elongata, anfr. 6-7 ventrico- sis, ultimo ellipsoideo, dimidiam long. teste superante: apertura parva, alba, ovata; labro simplici, vix crenulato, intus 10-lam- inato ; columella producta, arcuata, vix callosa ; sinu siphonali amplo. Long. 4; lat. 2 poll. Hab. Puget Sound, Nisqually, &c.

A somewhat rude shell, very variable in its surface, being the Pacific analogue of NV. trivittata, Say. It is more solid, more undulated, less shouldered, its pillar lip more protracted, and its aperture smaller. It is also closely allied to N. perpinguis, Hinds, from the California coast, though differing essentially from his description and figure.

Nassa Rupricata. ‘Testa parva, elongata, ovata, granulata, epidermide fulvo lineis interruptis rufis cincto induta, longitror- sum 15-costato-plicata, plicis ad anfr. ultimum obliquis, versus

71

labrum evanescentibus, et striis impressis decussatis ; stria sutu- rali majori, seriem gemmularum efformante : spira acuto-conica, anfr. 6 convexiusculis: apertura 4 long. teste haud equans, rotundato-ovata, lactea; labro intus crenulato; sinu siphonali mediocri. Long. 8; lat. 4 poll. Hab. Pacific shore.

I know not any species with which to compare this, except perhaps, Bucc. corrugatum, from which it differs in its aperture. Its elongated form, oblique folds on the outer whorl, and its white aperture, are its most conspicuous characters. The revolving fawn-colored lines only appear when its deep brown epidermis is removed.

CoLuMBELLA vALGA. T. ovato-lanceolata, sub-distorta, fulvo- marmorata et lineolis crebris rufis cincta, ad apicem rosacea: spira acuminata, anfr. 9-10 convexiusculis, supernis longitror- um tenuiter plicatis, ultimo levi, contracto, ceteris nonconformis 8 long. teste adequante; sutura profunda: apertura angusta, lunata; labro arcuato acuto, intus sulcato: columella transversim plicata, callosa; sinu siphonali angusto, producto. Long. 3; lat. 4 poll. Hab. Pacific?

Closely allied to C. avara, Say, in form, size, and ground color, but readily distinguished by its distorted form, the encir- cling chestnut lines, and the want of revolving striz between the folds.

CoLUMBELLA cASTANEA. T. parva, solida, elongata, ovata, levis, castanea vel fascia angusta albida cincta: spira ovato- conica, anfr. 7 convexis, ultimo ovali 3 long. testee superante, ad basim spiraliter striato: apertura ampla, alba; labro recto, pos- ticé emarginato, rufo-tincto, intus sub-plicato; columella anticé plicaté; sinu siphonali amplo. Long. 4; lat. 2 poll. Hab. Rio Janeiro.

Compared with C. unicolor it is smaller, the aperture is less rotund, and it has a pale cincture.

CoLUMBELLA GausapaTa. 'T. parva, solidula, elongata, ovato- conica, ad basim spiraliter striata, sub epidermide rudi subrufo concinné rufo-reticulata vel variemodé maculata aut fasciata : spira conico-turrita, anfr. 6-7 convexiusculis, ultimo 2 long. test, anticé subitO in rostrum brevem angustato ; sutura valdé impressa: apertura angusta lunata; labro simplici, rufo, intus sparse denticulato. Long. 3; lat. 2 poll. Hab. Puget Sound.

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An inelegant, very simple species allied to the preceding ; but it is less ventricose, the aperture paler and narrower, which with its tough, wooly epidermis sufficiently characterize it. Beneath the epidermis it is polished and finely reticulated, blotched or banded.

Mirra viTetyina. ‘T’. lanceolata, solida, diluté aurantia ma- culis albis fasciata, sulcis linearibus ad 15 lyrata et striis tenuibus crebris cincta; intersectionibus punctatis: spira elevata, anfr. 8-9 planis, ultimo 2 long. teste, cylindraceo, anticé angustato: apertura angusta; labro recto, simplici; columella 4-plicata, sinu siphonali brevi, vix recurvo. Long. 12; lat. 3% poll. Hab.—?

An elegant species about the size of M. subulata, having the general form and coloration of M. glabra, Sw., and is sculptured more like M. impressa, Reeve.

Mitra FipicuLta. ‘T. lanceolato-fusiformis, livido-crocea, fas- cia albida unica cincta, plicis acutis albidis ad 12 lyrata; spira anfr. 9 planulatis posticé tabulatis, apicalibus (ultimo etiam ad basim) spiraliter striatis: apertura angusta, intus tenui-striata ; columella 4-plicata; fauce rufo; canali siphonali curto, feré recto. Long. ?; lat. 3% poll. Hab.—?

There is no species corresponding very nearly to this. Per- haps M. cinerea, Reeve, resembles it as much as any one.

Mirra cornina. T. fusiformis, albida, liris volventibus et liris longitudinalibus altioribus ubique reticulata ; areolis intercep- tis profundis : spira turrita, anfr. 9-10 planiusculis subtabulatis, ultimo antrorsum in rostrum contortum subito desinente : aper- tura angusta, flexuosa, posticé obtusa; columella 4 plicata, plicis antrorsum minoribus. Long. 3%; lat. 3% poll. Hab. Singapore.

The form, size, and color is like MM. suturata, Reeve, but the sculpture is quite different, that species having no longitudinal ridges, and the transverse grooves are described as deep and punctured, and the intermediate ridges slightly granose.

Mirra rorata. T. modica, solida, lanceolata, cinerea rubi- ginoso-marmorata, clathris longitudinalibus quadratis ad 80 et striis tenuibus volventibus decussata: spira elevata, anfr. 9-10 planis posticé angulatis ; ultimo cylindraceo anticé sensim atten- uato, dimidiam long. teste superante: apertura angusta, labro

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acuto, roseo, 13-sulculato ; columella 4 plicata ; rostro lato obliqué reflexiusculo; fauce incarnaté. Long. 4; lat. 33, poll. Hab.—?

The form and sculpture is much like that of M. hebes, Reeve, but the coloring is more like M. crenifera. It is more cylindri- cal and the bars are less prominent than M. cophina, besides the difference in coloration.

Mirra capitnata. ‘T. parvula, elongata, ovato-fusiformis, polita, rufo-castanea lineolis longitudinalibus flexuosis croceis ornata : spira acuto-conica, anfr. 7 convexiusculis, ultimo bifariam attenuato, anticé striis prominulis cincto ; sutura impressa : aper- tura + long. teste, angusta, elliptica ; columella 3-plicata, posticé callosa; fauce lurida. Long. 5%; lat. 3 poll. Hab. Madeira.

This beautiful little shell is easily identified by its dark ma- hogany color and its delicate yellow lineations, like those on some species of Neritina. MM. semen, Reeve, which is not so slender, and has fewer and broader lines, is the only species approach- ing it.

Mirra ENcAusta. T. parvula, solida, curta, ovato-rhomboidea, cinerea, longitrorsum 8 —9 plicata et sulcis fuscescentibus cincta : spira conica, anfr. 8 ventricosis, supernis granulosis, ultimo 3 long. testee adequante ; suturaé canaliculatéa : apertura parva, linearis ; labro acuto, vix sulcato ; columella plicata, posticé callo copioso induta. Long. 3%; lat. 1 poll. Hab. Feejee Islands.

A small, very decidedly marked species, most remarkable for the deeply incised, somewhat punctate, dark revolving lines on an ash-colored ground, its wave-like folds and its short rhom- boidal form.

Conus pitectus. T. parva, gracilis, conica, albida, ferrugi- neo concinné reticulata et seriebus binis macularum candidarum et rufarum alternantium cincta: spira elevata, concavo-conica ; anfr. 8—9, angulatis, coronatis, posticé striatis, ultimo inermi, anticé 6-8 sulcato: apertura linearis; columella recta ; fauce incarnaté. Long. 4; lat. } poll. Hab. Fejee Islands.

Puoas patuLa. T. oblonga, papyracea, alba, inequilateralis, concentricé undato-striata, constrictione mediano partita; latere antico triangulari, radiatim costato, costis ad undas tuberculiferis ; latere postico subquadrato, inermi: margine cardinali revoluto,

10

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umbonem tegente sed non adnato, callum dentiformem instructo : cochlea subulata, arcuata : cavositate ad undas, costas et tubercu- los indentato. Long. 3; lat. 14; alt. 14 poll. Had. Philippine Islands.

The shell most nearly approaching to this is P. latissima, Sowb., and possibly may be the same species. It also resembles P. truncata. It is remarkable for the breadth of the valves.

SoLen scaLprum. ‘Testa transversa, oblonga, retrorsum dila- tata, feré unilateralis, tenuis, lucida, epidermide flavo-viridi, nitido, iridescente induta; latere antico sub-acuto, obliqué rotun- dato; latere postico semicirculari: cardo dentibus duobus con- tiguis, divergentibus in v. dextra; dente subulato, arcuato in v. sinistraé; margine cardinali costa alba submarginali suffulto: interior albida. Long. 12; lat. §; alt. 33, poll. Hab. Singa- pore.

Allied to Solecurtus costatus and radiatus. The hinge margin is fortified by a thickening, and indeed there is the vestige of a rib passing from the beak to the ventral margin.

SoLEN sicarius. ‘T’. transversa, oblonga, retrorsum angustata, sub-faleata, epidermide crasso, nitido, corneo induta, anticé ob- liqué truncata, posticé rotundata: valvis valdé excavatis, undu- latis, in areis triangularibus indistincté partitis; margine dorsali recto; m. ventrali arcuato; natibus terminalibus: cardo dente triangulari, erecto, recurvo in utraque valva instructus. Long. 33 ; lat. 35; alt. 39, poll. Hab. Straits of De Fuca, Oregon.

The only species to which this bears any resemblance is S. viridis, which has nearly the same hinge and general form, but which is a more delicate and more slender shell.

Panop#a anrtarcricA. T. subquadrata, crassa, alba, rudis, concentricé undata, posticé truncata, anticé angusiata et rotun- data; margine cardinali erecto, margine ventrali arcuato; um- bonibus latis, elevatis, feré medianis : cardo dente parvo, conico instructa : sinu palleali lato, arcuato, minimé impresso; cicatrice musculari postica discreta, crescentiformi. Long. 23; alt. 2; lat. 14. Hab. Rio Negro, Patagonia.

Besides being destitute of ribs, it is more nearly equilateral than P. arctica, and has the beaks more posterior. It is less gaping, and the posterior truncation is scarcely oblique.

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PaNoP#A GENEROSA. Testa magna, ponderosa, calcarea, sub-quadrilateralis, concentricé unduloso-plicosa, epidermide ru- goso flavido induta, anticé rotundaia, postic® truncata et valdé hians ; umbonibus submedianis, acutis, elevatis, undulatis: cardo gracilis, dente elevato obliqué triangulari instructus : cavositas ad apicem profunda ; cicatrice musculari lato, bené impresso ; sinu siphonali minimé profundo. Long. 6; alt. 4; lat. 3 poll. Hab. Puget Sound, Oregon.

This large species stands by the side of P. Aldrovandi, but is distinguished by the form of the anterior extremity.

Mya precisa. TT. M. truncate similis, calearea, epidermi- decorneo induta, ovata, anticé rotundataet ventricosa, posticé angustata, compressa et truncata; cardo dente trapezoideo, latiore quam elevato, posticé declivo instructus; linea palleali angusta, crenata; sinu siphonali profundo, arcuato; cicatrice anteriori elongato, falciformi. Long. 24; lat. 1; alt. 12 poll. Hab. Puget Sound.

Differs from M. truncata in being more narrowed posteriorly, more rounded anteriorly, more inflated at the umbonal slope, in its narrow palleal impression and deeper siphonal sinus, and more particularly in having the tooth slope backwards.

Mactra pveLuTA. ‘T. tumida, ovato-rotundata, hiantissima, sordida, epidermide tenui deluto, obliqué corrugato induta, con- centricé undulata; umbonibus submedianis, tumidis, incumben- tibus, contiguis; margine dorsali utroque declivi; margine ven- trali rotundato; lateribus obtusis: cardinis fovea ligamentali profunda; dente V-formi gracili, ramis inequalibus; dentibus lateralibus brevibus, trigonis, compressis ; sinu siphonali propé centrum valve obducto. Long. 14; alt. 18; lat. 1,4 poll. Had. New Zealand.

The external appearance is rather that of a rude Venus, and has fewer angularities than any other Mactra. It is also peculiar for its very wide gape.

Mactra cuNngoLA. ‘T. parva, crassiuscula, rudis, ovato-cune- ata, albida, epidermide stramineo induta, concentricé striata ; umbonibus submedianis, tumidis, acutis, anteversis ; latere antico angustato, subacuto; latere siphonali breviori, tumidiori, subtruncato: area cardinalis minima; fovea ligamentali indis-

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tincta ; dente V-formi conspicuo; dentibus lateralibus curtis, elevatis ; sinu siphonali minimo, quadrantem teste solum tran- seunte. Long. 3; alt. 3; lat. 33; poll. Had. Callao.

In most of its characters it corresponds with our M. lateralis ; but in this shell it is the posterior end which is shortest and broadest, while the reverse is the case in that species.

Macrra marcipa. ‘T. ventricosa, ovato-triangularis, cretacea, epidermide tenui stramineo induta; umbonibus medianis, tumi- dis, remotis, vix anteversis; latere antico breviori, rotundato ; latere siphonali subtriangulato, acuto; margine ventrali arcuato: fovea ligamentalis ampla; dente V-formi parvo, prominente ; dentibus lateralibus crassis, parum elevatis: interior cretacea ; sinu siphonali parvo, trientem teste attingente. Long. 22; alt. 24; lat. 14 poll. Hab. Orange Harbor.

This species has precisely the form of M. lactea, but is a much more solid and rude shell, wanting also the decided dorsal angularities of the umbones.

Macrra Fatcata. Testa magna, transversa, ovato-trigona, inequilateralis, convexiuscula, modicé hians, albida, epidermide fulvo, nitido, concentricé rugoso induta; umbonibus acutis, approximatis; latere antico acuminato; latere siphonali laté rotundato, sub-truncato; margine dorsali recto; area dorsali planulata, lanceolata; margine ventrali leniter arcuato: area cardinalis ampla ; fossa ligamentali magna, dente V-formi parvo, crasso; dentibus lateralibus compressis, quorum antico valve dextre bilobato: interior lactea; sinu siphonali angusto, elon- gato, spatulato. Long. 32; alt. 24; lat. 14 poll. Had. Puget Sound, Oregon.

This fine species compares best with M. Brasiliana and M. ovalis. Its external form corresponds closely with the former, while the narrow siphonal sinus and the hinge closely resemble the latter. The bilobed lateral tooth is quite peculiar.

Lurraria capax. Testa magnifica, ventricosa, ovato-rotun- data, anticé rotundata, posticé sub-triangularis, truncata, valdé hians, concentricé undulato-striata, epidermide luteo-viridi (post costam medianum radiatim corrugato) induta; umbonibus tumi- dis, incumbentibus, attigentibus: cardo validus ; fovea lata, ob- liqué triangulari; dente cardinali crasso, erecto, plicato, basi

bi

appendiculato; dentibus lateralibus compressis, conspicuis: in- terior calcarea; sinu siphonali linguiformi, dimidiam longitudinis test attigente. Long. 53; alt. 4; lat. 3 poll. Hab. Puget Sound.

No other species approaches this in size and capacity.

MesopesMA muNDA. TT. parva, solidula, convexiuscula, ovato-triangularis, levis, epidermide stramineo induta; natibus post-medianis, acutis ; margine dorsali vix arcuato, posticé subitd declivi; latere antico angustato, acuto; latere postico rotundato ; margine ventrali valdé arcuato: interior flavescens, cicatricibus impressis: cardo dentibus validis instructus. Long. 2; alt. 3; lat. 53, poll. Hab. Mangsi Island.

Distinguished from M. striata by its more compressed, less angular form, its short, broad, rounded anterior end, there being no angle except at the beaks, and by its smooth surface.

Panpora cistuLa. ‘Testa solida, alba, valdé inequilateralis, falciformis, anticé rotundata, posticé angustata, truncata: valva plana tenuis, suabmargaritacea, concentricé undulata ; margine dor- sali subrecto, laté inflecto, unidentato, dente brevi, elevato, trian- gulari munito: valva concava solidior, ossea, tumida, posticé costato-angulata, edentula, fossa ligamentali et costa anticali instructa; margine dorsali concavo; margine ventrali valde arcuato. Long. 14; lat. 4; alt. 1,4 poll. Had. East Pata- gonia.

More solid, more concave, and more elongated than any species I am acquainted with. The upper valve of a small speci- men from the same locality is semicircular, but more acute anteriorly than posteriorly.

OsTEODESMA BRACTEATA. Testa parva, tenuis, transversa, inequilateralis, ovato-falcata, ventricosa, margaritacea, epider- mide fusco radiatim creberrimé rugoso induta; latere antico rotundato; latere siphonali duplo longiore, triangulari, subad- scendente, truncato; margine dorsali recto; margine ventrali arcuato, sub-pendulo: interior deaurata. Long. 3; alt. 3 poll. Hab. Puget Sound.

It is with some doubt that I separate this from O. hyalina ; but if its gilded nacre, its dusky colored, very numerously folded epidermis, and the ventricose, pouched form of the pos-

78

terior basal portion prove constant, there can be no room for doubt.

OsteopesmA Brasittensis (Couthouy, MS.) Testa fragilis, elongato-ovata, anticé ventricosa et truncata, posticé compressa, concentricé undulata, epidermide flavicante induta; umbonibus ante-medianis, tumidis, approximatis ; margine dorsali feré rec- tilineari; margine ventrali arcuato: interior margaritacea: ossi- culum parvum, oblongum. Long. 14; alt. 2 poll. Hab. Rio Janeiro.

Its elongated, leguminous form, and its large size, plainly characterize it.

AMPHIDESMA cRocEUM. ‘Testa maxima, crassa, calcarea, ine- quivalvis, subcircularis, posticé hiantula et sub-truncata, liris concentricis reflexis interdum divaricatis arata, radiatim stri- ata; umbonibus sub-medianis, eminentibus, acutis, contiguis: intus crocea; cardo validus, fovea ligamentali ampla, profunda ; dentibus rosaceis. Long. 33; alt. 3}; lat. 1, poll. Hab. Callao ?

Very distinct from all other described species, unless it may be A. solidum, Gray; from comparison with his description alone, this must be different.

Erycina (Poronta) ovata. T. parva, alba, nitida, concen- tricé striata, ovato-ventricosa, inequilateralis; margine cardinali arcuata, umbonibus parvis, antemedianis; margine ventrali parum arcuata; latere antico truncato; latere postico rotundato; valve dextre dente cardinali erecto, bifido, fovea ligamentali parva ; vy. s. dente integro; intus alba. Long. 3%, ; alt. $; lat. 4 poll. Hab. Sandwich Islands.

Differs from the succeeding species in its smaller size, more inequilateral, ovate-ventricose form, shining surface, and delicate hinge.

Erycina (Ke.uia) quaprata. ‘Testa parva, tenuis, ventri- cosa, ad angulos rotundata, concentricé et concinné striata, epi- dermide straminea induta; umbonibus feré medianis, tumidis, anteversis : area cardinalis ampliata, in valva sinistra tridentata (dente mediano subulato, sub umbone sito; alteris elongatis, com- pressis) in valva dextra bidentata ; fossa ligamentali triangulari, declivi. Long. 3; alt. 2; lat. 4 poll. Hab. Feejee Islands ?

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This is a very large species of its type, and closely resembles, in size and shape, Cyclas similis.

TELLINA TITHONIA. Testa transversa, oblonga, subequilat- eralis, zonis et radiis diversis albis et roseis picta, concentricé lirata, liris posticé lamellosis; latere antico semiovali; latere postico breviori, triangulari, ad apicem truncato ; plica profunda; margine dorsali recto, declivi ; interior incarnata, ad marginem roseo-maculata, versus apicem lutea; dentibus lateralibus satis conspicuis. Long. 1; alt. 3 poll. Hab. Sooloo Sea.

Intermediate between T. rastellum and T. pulchella, being smaller and of the same shape as the former, but without its peculiar squamous sculpture of the right valve ; and being larger and more roseate than the latter, and from a very different local- ity. Itis colored like T. virgata, externally, but is more slender, and deeply colored within also.

TELLINA LAUTA. ‘TT. parva, solidiuscula, oblonga, inequivalvis, umbonibus ad trientem posticalem longitudinis sitis; latere antico semiovali, margine dorsali recto, latere postico triangulari ad apicem truncato; valvis concentricé liratis (iris striis obliquis anticé decussatis) albis, roseo quadri-radiatis et anticé lineis araneosis rosaceis ornatis ; flexura inconspicua : cardo den- tibus lateralibus carens. Long. 75; alt. 45 poll. Had. ?

About the size, form, and coloring of T. Valtonis, Hanley, which appears to be a polished, pellucid shell, with no peculiarity of sculpture. It is very near to T. rhomboides, Quoy, which is said to have fine concentric striz anteriorly, that become obsolete at the middle.

TELLINA compTaA. ‘T. parva, transversa, inequilateralis, alba vel rubescens, quater roseo-radiata ; umbonibus ad trientem pos- ticum sitis; latere antico semi-elliptico; latere siphonali trian- gulari apice truncato, vix insculpto, plicato ; marginibus (scilicet dorsali et ventrali,) feré parallelis; disco striis concentricis et striis obliquis arato ; dentibus lateralibus nullis ; intus ex albo fla- vescens, radiatim striata. Long. §; alt. 4; lat. poll. Had.

Almost precisely like J. decora, which has a well marked lateral tooth, and comes from the West Indies. TT. rhomboides, Quoy, varies chiefly in the more partial development of oblique strie. The coloring is less brilliant, and the striz more delicate,

6U

more oblique, and cover a greater proportion of the valve than T. lauta.

TELLINA ExcuLTa. ‘TT. transversa, solida, trigono-elliptica, tumida, nitida, albida, rosaceo vix radiata, concentricé liris tenu- ibus et radiatim striis tenuissimis insculpta; liris in valva dextra posticé lamellosis et interruptis, squamas simulantibus ; in valve sinistree disco valdé obliquis; umbonibus postmedianis ; latere anticali semi-elliptica ; latere posticali subtriangulari, ad apicem valdé truncato; flexura insigni, haud lamellosa: cavositas flava ; dentibus valve dextre conspicuis. Long. 2; alt. 1; lat. 5% poll. Hab. Feejee Islands.

Looks like a variety of T. rastellum, Hanley, (T. Philippit, Anton,) but is proportionally shorter, the beaks are farther back, and the disc is more tumid anteriorly. The lamine of the right valve are everywhere more delicate, and nearly absent on the anterior half; the scales are confined to the valley in front of the fold. The oblique grooving on the left valve is very decided.

TELLINA CONCENTRICA. ‘T. transversa, ovato-trigona, tenuis, convexiuscula, albida, haud nitida, ubique concentricé lamellosa, et radiatim inter lamellas subtilissimé striata ; lamellis equalibus, acutis, confertis, reflexis; umbonibus vix post-medianis: pars antica semi-elliptica ; margine dorsali vix declivi: pars postica sub-triangularis ; margine dorsali valde declivi, sub-arcuato, valdé excavato, ad apicem truncato; flexura conspicua, haud lamellosé : intus alba. Long. 13; alt. 14; lat. 4 poll. Had. Feejee Islands.

Like T. capsoides, Lam., but less triangular, the anterior por- tion more tumid, and its dorsal slope arcuate ; the flexure is more decided; the concentric laminz decided and uniform throughout; the radiating strie are very delicate, and found equally before and behind, not crossing the concentric lamine. It is much like T. pristis, Lam., except in form, and its anterior margin, which is represented as serrated.

TELLINA PERULA. ‘T. parvula, solidiuscula, ventricosa, rotun- dato-triangularis, eburnea, concentricé et remoté striatula ; um- bonibus tumidis, submedianis, radiis binis lacteis ornatis ; margin- ibus dorsalibus valdé declivibus ; latere antico rotundato, tumido ;

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latere siphonali brevi, valdé flexuoso, infra angulato ; margine ventrali pendulo ; cavositatis limbo albo, disco sulphureo ; denti- bus lateralibus conspicuis. Long. $; alt. 2; lat. 3%; poll. Hab. Feejee Islands.

Very much like T. casta, Hanley, which is described as pel- lucid, and no mention is made of the yellow color of the interior, or of the two white umbonal radiations. One specimen is tinted and zoned with rose red, and the interior is wholly red, preserv- ing however, the umbonal white rays.

PsAMMOBIA FLoRIDA. Testa transversa, oblonga, tenera, polita, purpurascens, posticé albo-radiata; limbo epidermide flavo-virescente induto ; natibus postmedianis, inconspicuis ; latere antico semi-elliptico, apice supra-mediano; latere siphonali angustato, acuté rotundato, apice infra mediano; margine ven- trali rectiusculo: interior incarnata; sinu siphonali angusto, prelongo ; cardine dentibus duobus minutis divaricantibus in utraque valva instructo. Long. 14; alt. 3% poll. Had. Illa- warra, N. S. Wales.

A shell closely resembling in structure and exterior coloring Machera costata. It has the form of P. vespertina, except that the beaks are removed much farther backwards.

Donax PALLIDUS. Testa transversa, ovato-triangularis, solidula, convexa, exalbida, posticé concentricé sulculata, anticé polita ; umbonibus postmedianis ; margine dorsali utrinque declivi (pre- cipué retrorsum) convexiuseulo ; latere antico semi-ovali, sensim angustato, ad apicem rotundato; latere postico sub-triangulari, rotundato; margine ventrali valdé arcuato, posticé sinuato : interior eburnea, incrassata ; dentibus modicis. Long. ?; alt.3; lat. + poll. Hab. Singapore.

The outlines are all gently rounded, and the shell is other- wise characterized by its dead, sallow-white color, and its sculp- ture.

Donax Tinctus. Testa crassa, ovato-trigona, cuneata, ver- sicolor, scilicet incarnata, straminea vel violacea, striis lamellosis concentricis posticé flexuosis insculpta; umbonibus feré medi- anis; margine interiori integro; dente laterali valido; dente antico obsoleto. Long. 43; alt. 7%; lat. 2 poll. Had.

It comes near to D. cuneata, but is still more like Mesodesma

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striata in general aspect. ‘The specimens I have examined vary greatly in color, but correspond in form, sculpture, and other characters.

Donax crocatus. Testa parva, tenuis, transversa, ovato-tri- angularis, inequilateralis, diluté crocea, concentricé lamelloso- sulcata ; latere antico semi-ovato; latere postico breviori, rotun- dato-truncato; margine ventrali lenté arcuato: intus flavida, nitida; cardine valido. Long. 2; alt. 4; lat. 53, poll. Had. Mangsi Island.

This small species is sufficiently well characterized, somewhat like D. scalpellum.

LuciNA RAMULOSA. Testa crassa, scabra, lenticularis, vix obliqua, albida, costulis radiantibus crebré divaricantibus et filis continuis concentricis crebris insculpta ; | umbonibus elevatis acutis antrorsum versis; lunula excavata, haud insculpta: ca- vositas albida vel citrina, incrassata ; cicatricibus profundis ; limbo concinné radiato-striato ; cardinis dentibus lateralibus vali- dis. Diam. 1; lat. $ poll. Hab. Paumotu Islands.

As much allied to L. tigerina or L. interrupta as to any described species, but is more circular, more solid, and the peculiar divergence of the radiating ridges, somewhat like Cytherea divaricata, are sufficiently characteristic.

Lucinaincutta. Testa tenuis, lenticularis, retrorsum admodum obliqua, stramineo-albida, concentricé striolata ; natibus medianis, elevatis, acutis, contiguis, antrorsum versis; latere antico superné subangulato, excavato; latere postico rotundato, infra paululum producto: cavositas albida; cicatricibus perspicuis : cardo invalidus ; dentibus apicalibus duobus divaricatis, laterali- bus nullis. Diam. 2; lat. 2 poll. Hab. New Zealand.

Very much like L. filan, but much smaller, more solid, and less glossy. The anterior end is less developed, and the bulk of the shell, as well as its most depending portion, is behind, instead of before, the beaks.

Luctna vesicuLa. ‘Testa tenuis, sub-globosa, vix obliqua, pal- lidé flavescens, concentricé tenui-striata, radiatim obsoleté stri- ata: natibus submedianis, elevatis, anteversis; margine dorsali anticé excavato, demum subalato, posticé rectiusculo ; peripheria reliqua circulari ; cardine edentulo; ligamento in fossam obli-

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quam internam posito: concavitas flavescens, punctis nitidis notata. Long. 1}; alt. 14; lat. % poll. Hab. Tongataboo.

Its surface is like L. filan, but its form is more ventricose, and its dorsal margin is much less sloping, somewhat alate ; and this is one of its most striking peculiarities. In form it is more like L. undata, except that the reverse extremities correspond.

Lucina LeNTIcULA. ‘Testa parva, solidula, lenticularis, rotun- data, convexiuscula, concentricé imbricato-striata, etiam striis radiantibus decussata, alba, epidermide fuliginoso hic illic induta ; umbonibus feré medianis, prominulis: cardo dentibus apicalibus et lateralibus tenutbus instructus: intus incrassata, alba ; mar- gine crenulato; impressionibus profundis. Diam. 2; lat. 53; poll. Hab. Coast of Patagonia?

This little shell has rather the aspect of an Astarte or Cyprina,

and would be considered as such but for its lateral hinge teeth.

Carpira venTricosa. ‘Testa solida, ventricosa, ovato-trigona vix obliqua, radiatim 18-20 costata, costis concentricé subno- dosis, interstitiis angustis, epidermide fuliginoso, villoso induta ; umbonibus submedianis, obtusis ; intus alba; margine profundé crenulato; dente cardinali valve dextre, elevato, crasso, trian- gulari. Lat. 2; alt. 8; lat. 2 poll. Had. Puget Sound.

Compared with C. borealis, Conr., it is thicker, less transverse, more tumid at the beaks, which are less recurved ; the ribs are barred ; the cardinal tooth is short, triangular (not long falcate) and detached from the margin; the crenulations of the margin deeper.

CarpiTa procera. ‘Testa elevata, ovato-triangularis, radiatim ad 15-sulcata, (interstitiis convexiusculis) concentric€é striata, epidermide fulvo induta; apice mediano, acuto, obliquo ; cardo dente unico triangulari obliquo, instructus ; margine interno sul- cato. Long. 2; alt. 2; lat. 2 poll. Hab. Rio Negro, Pata- gonia.

It has a more compressed and less oblique form than C. bo- realis, and fewer ribs. The right valve only was obtained.

CarDIUM BLANDUM. ‘Testa parva, tenuis, subcircularis, vix transversa, ventricosa, posticé subtruncata, cinereo-rufescens, costis planulatis radiantibus ad 40 insculpta, sulco angusto

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sejunctis, et liris concentricis tenuissimis, arcuatis, reflexis, decussatis : umbonibus medianis, tumidis, denudatis, eburneis : cavositas albida; margine interno crenulato; cardine debili. Long. 1; alt. 4; lat. 2 poll. Hab. Puget Sound.

I at first supposed this to be the young of C. Californianum, Conr., but find that there are about ten more ribs, and the sculp- ture is quite different. It seems to be the analogue of C. Ice- landicum, which has acute ribs and a peculiar fringed epidermis. Its form varies from circular to transversely oval.

CypricaRDIA RosEA. Testa transversa, oblonga, tenuis, anticé radiatim tenui-striata, posticé concentricé squamoso-striata: um- bonibus valdé anticalibus, acutis; latere antico brevi, citO an- gustato, ad apicem truncato, albido; latere postico oblongo, ad apicem truncato, rosaceo; margine dorsali vix arcuato; margine ventrali recto: intus rosacea ; cardo debilis, dentibus feré longitu- dinalibus. Long. 12; alt. 2; lat. 2 poll. Hab. Feejee Islands.

Allied to C. solenoides, Reeve, which is much more elongated, has purplish rays, and is only tinted purple posteriorly, within. C. coralliophaga, Reeve, is somewhat more elongated, more laminated posteriorly, and radiate striate, and the edge only, tinted rose-red within.

ARTHEMIS LAMBATA. ‘Testa tenuis, cordato-orbicularis, lenti- cularis, sordidé alba, radiatim tenuissimé striata et liris concin- nis concentricis, posticé laminosis insculpta ; natibus sub-media- nis elevatis, acutis, anteversis; margine dorsali postico declivi, vix arcuato: lunula profunda, lanceolato-cordata : interior albida ; sinu siphonali obliquo, acuto; cardine dentibus tribus divergen- tibus in utraque valva. Long. 1; alt. 4%; lat. 3 poll. Had. Bay of Islands.

A. lincta is more elevated, has the ridges about twice as large, is destitute of radiating strie, is more solid, and has the ligament margin excavated, and the siphonal sinus is narrower and more acute.

Venus TorEuMA. ‘Testa ventricosa, subglobosa, vix obliqua, straminea lituris angulatis rufis picta, concentricé porcata ; liris numerosis ad lateros granulosis, acutis, crenulatis ; interstitiis minutissimé striatis, et lineolis angulatis pallidis quasi indentatis ;

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natibus sub-medianis, tumidis, obliquis; lunula profunda, late cordata: intus pallida; margine crenulato: cardo validus; dente postico valve sinistree longitudinali; dente antico biramoso. Long. 12; alt. 14; lat. 39 poll. Hab. Mangsi Island.

In general characters it is allied to V. verrucosa, but is more orbicular, more tumid, and its sculpture far more delicate and elaborate, besides being beautifully ornamented with tent-like markings in the intercostal spaces.

VENUS CALCAREA. ‘Testa ovato-rotundata, alba, crassa, inequi- lateralis, posticé subtruncata, striis concentricis, irregularibus, remotis, lamellosis signata; natibus acutis, attigentibus; lunuld duplici, ovato-lanceolata ; intus. candidissima; margine crenu- lato. Long. 21; alt. 2; lat. 12 poll. Hab. New Zealand.

VeNus ricipA. ‘Testa solida, transversa, ovato-ventricosa, inequilateralis, desuper visa acuté ovalis, sordidé alba, striis con- centricis reflexis, utroque laminosis, et striis crassis radiantibus decussata; decussationibus anterioribus punctatis; umbonibus elevatis, anteversis, contiguis: lunula lata, vix circumscripta : latere antico angustato, rotundato ; latere postico late et oblique truncato; margine dorsali rectiusculo; cardine in dextra valva dentibus duobus fissis, in valva sinistra dente unico fisso: intus porcellana ; margine crenulato. Long. 2; alt. 13; lat. 14. poll. Hab. Puget Sound; Straits of De Fuca.

Has the form and general aspect of Sawidomus Nuttalli, Con- rad, in which the hinge teeth are quite different, and there are no traces of diverging lines. ‘The sculpture is much finer than in V. Dombeyana, and more like that of V. decussata. It varies considerably in its size and proportions, being often much more expanded. One specimen measured in length 32; height 23 ; breadth 12 inches.

Arca sospria. ‘Testa transversa, inequilateralis, rhomboidea, alba, costulis numerosis radiantibus, posticis majoribus, rugosis, instructa, et undulis remotis concentricis subreticulata ; latere antico angusto, rectangulari, in marginem ventralem posticé desinente ; latere postico obliqué truncato, ad apicem acuto; umbonibus elevatis, angulatis ; area cardinali angusta lanceolata ; cardo dentibus ad octo utrinque instructus. Long. 2; alt. 3% ; lat. 75 poll. Had. ?

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It has the outline of A. Deshaysii, but is much smaller, more slender, more numerously ribbed, less acute posteriorly.

Cycntas EGREGIA. ‘T. ventricosa, transversa, oblonga, sub- equilateralis, concentricé tenui-lirata ; umbonibus parum elevatis, tumidis; epidermide viridi-corneo, fusco-zonato; plerumque C. cornee similis. Long. %; alt. §; lat. 3 poll. Hab. New South Wales ?

It is larger, more rounded in outline, and more globose in form than C. cornea. The epidermis is less glistening, of a deeper green, and exhibits no traces of radiations. The liga- ment is shorter and more prominent. The beaks, hinge, and furrowing are nearly the same in both.

CycLas PATELLA. ‘T. parva, tenuis, rotundato-ovalis, lenticu- laris, modicé cavata, concentricé exiliter sulcata, epidermide Juteo-viridi induta; umbonibus medianis, rotundatis, haud eleva- tis: intus lactea: cardo dentibus duobus minutis cardinalibus instructus ; dentibus lateralibus remotis, validis. Long. 33 alt. 2; lat. 3 poll. Hab. Oregon.

This is to be compared with C. cornea on account of the peculiar rounded form of the dorsal region, the umbones not rising so as to interfere with the general outline. The cavity of the beaks is still more shallow, the suleation coarser, and the color yellowish rather than green, and on the whole the shell is more dense and larger.

CyrENaA DEBILIS. TT. parva, tenuis, transverse ovata, posticé ampliata et subtruncata, sub-equilateralis, concentricé liris con- fertis, sub-reflexis arata; epidermide nitido, superné olivaceo induta; umbonibus parum elevatis, erosis, absque lunula: intus violaceo-albida ; dentibus cardinalibus inconspicuis, dentibus lateralibus elongatis, striatis. Long. 3%; alt. #45; lat. 4 poll. Hab. New Holland ?

Most like C. pusilla, but has no areola in front of the beaks, is less orbicular, and somewhat larger. In general it resembles a

Cyclas.

Anopon GLauca. T. transversa, elongato-ovata, ventricosa, anticé rotundata, posticé obliqué rotundato et costa obliqua sub- marginali munita; margine dorsali arcuato; margine ventrali

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concavo; umbonibus antemedianis, acutis, parum elevatis ; epi- dermide olivaceo-glaucescente fluctuatim corrugato induta: ca- vositas argentea ; disco salmonaceo: cardo edentulus vel potius papilla cardinali in valva dextra instructus. Long. 13; alt. 7; lat. + poll. Had. Peru.

The peculiar dead rusty-green color of the epidermis, with its loop-like corrugations may serve as distinctive marks. It would come under the genus Monocondylea of D’Orbigny.

ANoDON FEMINALIS. ‘T. solidula, transversa, ovato-triangt- laris, anticé acuminata, margine postico in margine dorsali con- tinuo, arcuato; margine ventrali recto; apice rectangulari; umbonibus inconspicuis, erosis, anticis, declivitate posticali obtusé angulato; epidermide lamelloso, piceo: margarita pur- purascens; limbo argenteo; dente cardinali obsoleto. Long. 24; alt. 14; lat. 2 poll. Hab. Oregon.

At first this was supposed to be the young of A. angulata, Lea ; but it proves different in several constant characters, be- sides its widely remote habitat. It is much smaller and thinner, its surface rude and dusky, instead of smooth and green; its outlines are all curves instead of right lines ; the dorsal and ter- minal outlines form a continuous curve instead of a distinct angle ; the beaks are more anterior and the cardinal apophysis is never found in A. angulata, while it is constant in this.

Anopon coenata. T. fragilis, transversa, oblongo-ovata ; margine dorsali brevi, recto; margine ventrali arcuato; latere antico rotundato ; latere postico obliqué truncato, ad apicem rotun- dato ; disco turgido; epidermide virescente, nitido; umbonibus antemedianis inconspicuis, undulatis: margarita livido-albida. Long. 3; alt. 14; lat. 1 poll. Had, Nisqually and near Fort Vancouver.

Resembles small specimens of A. cygnea; but the dorsal margin is shorter, not continuously straight, and forming an abrupt angle above, anteriorly ; the posterior extremity is less acute and more nasute; the cavity of the beaks is also somewhat over-arched. Excepting the beaks, it is like A. fluviatilis.

ALASMODON FALcATA. 'T. transversa, valdé inequilateralis, fal- cata, anticé rotundata, posticé deflecta, acuta, marginibus subpa- rallelis ; disco sub-excavato ; umbonibus obtusis, erosis ; epider-

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mide subfusco ; dente cardinali in valva dextra elevato, trigono, in y. sinistra longitudinali, compresso-triangulari; margarita purpurascente ; limbo argenteo. Long. 4; alt. 14; lat. 1 poll. Hab. Wallawalla, Oregon ; Sacramento River, California.

Mr. Lea and others have regarded this as a variety of A. mar- garitifera; but besides the uniformly peach-blossom nacre, the form is generally more arcuate, the exterior more waved, the color darker, the anterior tooth in the right valve is comparatively absolete, longitudinally oblique and Jamellar in the young.

Unio FameEticus. ‘T. parva, tenuis, transversa, oblongo- ovata, convexiuscula, epidermide fusco-castaneo induta; mar- gine dorsali arcuato ; margine ventrali rectiusculo; latere antico angusto ; latere postico obliqué rotundato ; umbonibus haud ele- vatis ad quadrantem anteriorem sitis ; dente cardinali obliquo, com- presso, valido ; dente laterali brevi, recto: margaritasubpurpurea. Long. 14: alt. 2; lat. 2 poll. Hab. Wallawalla, Oregon.

A small and rather remarkable species, like a miniature U. complanatus. It is more equilateral, has no dorsal angles, the dorsal and ventral margins diverge more, and the cardinal teeth are more oblique.

Unio turutentus. ‘T. transversa, compressa, sub-falcata, valdé inequilateralis, concentricé undulato-striata interdum no- dosa vel sursum rugosa, fusco-virescens ; lateribus rotundatis ; marginibus sub-parallelis; umbonibus prominulis, erosis ; denti- bus cardinalibus obliquis, compressis, in valva dextra bifidis ; dentibus lateralibus elongatis, compressis, rectis: margarita argentata ; limbo anticé incrassato. Long. 2; alt. 1; lat. 2 poll. Hab. New Zealand.

Resembles U. monodon, and slender specimens of U. compla- natus. It is nota fragile shell, and the peculiar tubercular waves along its slope, the scattered corrugations on its disc, and its peculiar color, are its best diagnostic marks. These are usually concealed by a thick coat of black earth. It is said to come from streams in the vicinity of chalybeate springs.

Unio prorucus. T. transversa, elongato-ovalis, ventricosa, epidermide fusco-castaneo, concentricé undato-striato, radiatim obsoleté plicato induta; margine ventrali vix arcuato ; margine dorsali sub-recto ; latere antico rotundato; latere postico obliqué

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truncato, ad apicem obtuso; umbonibus ante-medianis, elevatis, erosis; dentibus cardinalibus obliquis, elongatis, compressis ; dentibus lateralibus remotis, sub-arcuatis : margarita livido-albida. Long, 22; lat. 2%; alt. 1} poll. Hab. Hunter’s River, N. 8. Wales.

Slender varieties have much the appearance of ‘the more expanded forms of U. lutulentus. It is more tumid, the beaks more elevated and more central, the hinge more curved, the cardinal tooth of the right valye more oblique and distinctly bifid, the lateral tooth of the left valve less extensively cleft, and I cannot find that it is ever nodular along the posterior slope.

Unio verecunpus. ‘'T. tenuis, inequilateralis, transversa, ova- to-oblonga, convexiuscula, luteo-olivacea ; margine dorsali recto ; margine ventrali arcuato ; latere antico rotundato ; latere pos- tico obliqué rotundato; natibus prominulis, acutis, undulatis, erosis: cardo exilis; dentibus tenuibus longitudinalibus: marga- tita salmonaceo-purpurea. Long. 12; alt. 14; lat. 3 poll. Had. Manila.

Much like U. Bengalensis and U. foliaceus. In the former, both ends of the ventral margin are angular, the posterior side is dilated and angular at tip, and the interior is less bright red. The form of this is rather elliptical than ovate. U. foliaceus is smaller, thinner, compressed, and has a plumbaginous nacre.

Unio Dorsvosus. ‘T. transversa, retrorsum ampliata, inequi- lateralis, compressa, castanea; latere antico circulari; latere postico obliqué rotundato; margine dorsali recto; umbonibus pro-eminentibus, antrorsum concentricé costato-undulatis, retror- sum nodoso-fluctuatis: dente cardinali perobliquo, elongato, compresso; dente laterali recto: margarita ex albo-ccerulescens, livido ad umbones tincta. Long. 14; alt. 3; lat. 3 poll. Had. Eastern Asia ?

Allied to U. Murchisonianus, Lea; it is more widened poste- teriorly, more compressed, not sinuate beneath, thinner.

Avicuta vipva. T. parva, tenuis, dolabriformis, vix obliqua, per-inequilateralis, mutica, nitens, ex viridi purpurascens, deinde nigra, albo obscuré radiata: valva dextra planulata : valva sinis- tra convexa, ecaudata : auricula parva, triangularis ; fissura parva, superficialis, edentata: margarita ex argenteo violacescens ;

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limbo lato, nigro. Long. 1}; alt. 2; lat. 58, poll. Hab. Feejee Islands.

In the early stages the color is grass green, then passing through dark purple to coal black. It is remarkable for the per- fect flatness of one valve. Its destitution of hinge teeth brings it in Lamarck’s genus Meleagrina.

AvicuLa nickRA. ‘Testa mutica, inequivalvis, ecaudata, eden- tula, fusca, antrorsum lobata; valva dextra convexiuscula, pos- ticé integer, anticé profundé emarginata; auricula triangulari, crenulata: valva sinistra convexior, posticé profundé emargin- ata: margarita ex argenteo ccerulescens; limbo lato, fusco. Alt. 2; long. 12; lat. 3 poll. Dredged at Singapore.

More like A. margaritifera in form than any other, but is less retuse, destitute of scales, and having its substance a plain pur- plish black. It belongs to the section Meleagrina.

AvicuLa macuLaTa. ‘Testa solidula, ventricosa, per-inequi- lateralis, obliqué rotundata, ecaudata; margine caudali parum producto ; extus calcarea, nigro radiata : auricula triangularis, cre- nulata; fissura profunda: margarita pallidé aurea; limbo cal- careo lato, vitreo, albo et nigro radiato: margo cardinalis latus, incrassatus ; dente cardinali papilliformi ; dente laterali brevi, posticé incrassato et deflecto, in vyalva dextra bifurcato ; cicatrice musculari reniformi, profundo. Long. 1; alt. 133 lat. 2 poll. Hab. Tutuilla, Samoa Islands.

The peculiar magnesian external coating, radiated with dark purple, the golden nacre, and the porcelain-like marbled limbus, make this a strongly marked species.

Avicuta rucata. 'T. saccata, retrorsum obliqua, per-inequi- valvis, scabra, rosaceo et flavido radiatim picta: auricula pre- grandis, elongata; fissura byssali profunda: valva dextra con- vexiuscula; avgulo postico acuto: valva sinistra ventricosa, anticé integra, acutangularis, plica magna munita: cardo denti- bus conspicuis: margarita argentea, yiolacescens; limbo corti- cali cretaceo, croceo et rosaceo radiato. Long. 2; alt. 2}; lat. 3. Hab. Feejec Islands. ?

A small species, colored much like A. margaritifera ; but the wing curves in the opposite direction, and it is provided with a

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well-developed auricle, characters which could not be ascribed simply to immaturity.

AvicuLa turipaA. ‘'T. squamosa, vix obliqua, feré ecaudata, solidula, coloribus rosaceis, viridibus et flavidis radiatim fueata : valva dextra posticé vix sinuata, convexa ; auricula lata, triangu- laris; fissura byssica haud profunda: valva sinistra ventricosa, tuberculo magno subcaudali munita, posticé integra: margarita argentea ; limbo corticali corneo et nigro marmorato. Long. 23 ; alt. 24; lat. 2 poll. Hab. New Zealand.

In form it resembles A. fucata; but its smoother surface, difference of coloration both without and within, and its much more elongated auricle, are quite distinctive. ‘The young stages of this shell are exceedingly beautiful, being rose red, with a sort of superficial radiation of cream-color.

AvicuLa ciaBra. ‘T. tenuis, semi-elliptica, vix obliqua, laté caudata, glabra, ad peripheriam lamellata, virescens, albo-radiata : valva dextra planiuscula; auricula latior quam longa: valva sinistra ventricosa, anticé integra, acutangula: cardinis dentibus obsoletis: margarita argentea; limbo corticali livido-corneo. Long. 22; alt. 22; lat. | poll. Hab. New Zealand.

Outline much as in A. fucata, but the caudal region is much more compressed, Its smooth surface and widely different co- loration are easily recognized. ‘The white radiations are opaque, and have a superficial appearance.

CRENATULA PERGAMINEA. ‘T. membranacea, obliquissima, subfaleata, concentricé laminoso-fibrosa, albida, lineis lacteis radiata ; margine dorsali recto, umbonibus tumidis, acutis, ad trientem anteriorem sitis ; latere antico arcuato et cum margine ventrali continuo ; latere postico obliqué truncato ; area cardinali angusta ad 5-crenata: intus sub-margaritacea. Long. 1}; alt. 3; lat. 2 poll. Had. Feejee Islands.

None of the species already described agree with this in color texture, or form. Its structure is very delicate and unresisting, almost fibrous at its edge.

PERNA ARGILLACEA. ‘T’. solidula, mutica, compressa, elongata, anticé dilatata, posticé subrecta, ex luteo alutacea, hic illic nigri- cans; apice adunco: fissura byssali angusta, lanceolata: intus

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livescens : area cardinalis curta, obliqua, triangularis, sulcis obli- quis ad 8 arata: fovea apicalis profunda. Long. 24; alt. 3; lat. 3 poll. Hab.?

The resemblance to the common P. ephippium of the West Indies is very great. It differs chiefly in the clay-colored exte- rior, and in having the byssal instead of the opposite side dilated ; the muscular scar is also smaller.

Perna Torva. ‘T. rudis, crassa, inequivalvis, concentricé lamellata, cinerea, obliqua, trapezoidea ;_ latere byssali dilatato, semicirculari ; sinu byssali profundo; apice adunco ; latere pos- tico rectilineari, obliquo, producto; margine cardinali obliquo : area cardinalis triangularis, sulcis obliquis ad sex arata: marga- rita ex argenteo-purpurascens; limbo lato, retro dilatato. Long. 14; alt. 125 lat. 2 poll. Hab. Sandwich Islands.

The obliquity of this species and the small number of its car- dinal sulci are among its most prominent characters.

Perna EREmITA. ‘T. fragilis, exaluminata, variabilis, dola- brata, vulsellata, unguiformis, pectiniformis et omnimode dis- torta, plerumque radiatim rugoso-striata et in junioribus rufo- lineata; antrorsum plus minusve arcuata: margarita argentea ; limbo corticali ampliato, foliaceo, stramineo, vitreo: margine cardinali feré horizontali, 6-8 sulcato ; fissura byssali profunda. Long. 2; alt. 1; 53 lat. 2 poll. Inhabits Carlshotf Island, Pau- motu Group.

This shell, though so variable as to elude all terms of descrip- tion, is still very distinct from all others, in all its forms. It seems to acquire its multiform shapes from the cavities in coral where it resides. Young or well protected specimens are sculp- tured by delicate radiating ramose ribs bearing minute scales.

PERNA NANA. ‘T. parva, crassa, subquadrata, adunca, lamel- losa, extus nigra ; margine ventrali sinuato ; angulo infero-posteri- ori rotundato ; latere postico sinuato: area cardinali lata, 6-sul- cata; fissura byssali ampla, trigonalis: margarita plumbaginea ; limbo corticali angusto, pallido. Long. 23 alt. 33; lat. } poll. Hab. Feejee Islands ; under stones. Drayton.

The solidity and color of this little species will not admit of its being confounded with any other species. It bears the marks of mature age.

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Pinna sENTICosA. T. cuneata, sub-inflata, posticé obliqué rotundata, purpureo-nigricans ; margine dorsali sub-ascendente ; margine ventrali prope apicem pendulo: area triangularis superior costulis ad 7 radiantibus squamigeris (squamis semi-tubulosis) instructa; area inferior striis incrementalibus solum_notata. Long. 41; alt. 24; lat. 1 poll. Hab. New Zealand.

Its general appearance is that of P. seminuda; but it is smaller, much darker, the ventral margin is less arcuated, and the scales much less numerous and regular.

Mytitus (Modiola) FLuaBetLatus. ‘T. transversa, elongata, trapezoidea, trifariam cuneata ; umbonibus minimé terminalibus, acutis, attigentibus ; declivitate umbonali ventricoso, angulato ; marginibus rectilinearibus ; latere postico obliqué truncato, haud angulato; epidermide anticé nitido, exusto, posticé flavo-viridi, flosculis rigido: intus exalbida. Long. 4; alt. 12; lat. 1} poll. Hab. Puget Sound, Oregon.

A very well marked species, more than usually cuneate, and with the beaks quite remote from the summit.

Mytitvus (Modiola) arEoLatus. ‘Testa transversa, ovato-elon- gata, incurvata, tumida; umbonibus approximatis, angulatis, feré terminalibus; margine dorsali arcuato ; margine ventrali forni- cato, valdé hiante ; epidermide nitido, castaneo, portione antico- ventrali sulco limitato: intus alba, limbo dorsali purpurascente. Long. 2; alt. 1}; lat. 1 poll. Hab. New Zealand.

Somewhat like M. vulgaris; the beaks are nearly terminal, the byssal opening broader and nearer the beaks, the ventral margin arching inwards instead of outwards at this point; the epidermis is darker and more shining, and the nacre is different.

Myrtitus (Modiola) nEparicus. T. parva, elongata, ovato- triangularis, anticé angustata, ventricosa ; margine dorsali angu- lato; umbonibus acutis, angulatis ; epidermide tenui, livido- corneo, versus fastigium umbonalem flavescente; intus puni- cea, luteo-marginata. Long. 1}; alt. 2; lat. 3 poll. Hab. Fee- jee Islands,

A small, elongated species, with its dorsal edge obtusely angu- lar, but best distinguished by its peculiar lurid exterior coloring, and its reddish molybdena-colored interior.

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Mytixus pyrirormis. ‘T. solida, elongata, ovato-trigona, ven- tricosa, rosacea, epiderm‘’e piceo induta; margine ventrali in- flecto, radiatim sulcato; fastigio umbonali tumido, concentricé undulato-striato : intus livescens ; cardine edentulo. Long. 34; alt. 12; lat. 14 poll. Had. South Seas. ;

The similarity of the dorsal and ventral curves ; its inflated ventral portion, its great lateral diameter, its peculiar coloration and striation are well marked.

Myritvs pivaricatus. ‘T. ovato-triangularis, arcuata, preter regionem byssicalem undique radiatim costato-sulcata, sulcis pro- fundis, remotis, interdum divaricantibus; apice peracuto, angu- lato; margine dorsali haud angulato, portione ligamentali arcuato ; margine ventrali recto ; epidermide luteo-corneo posticé fusces- cente ; intus albida, posticé livescens. Long. 1,5; alt. 39; lat. 2 poll. Hab. China Seas.

In general aspect it is like M. Magellanicus, but is more angu- lar, the grooves are deeper, more numerous and more generally distributed. The grooves are disposed as in M. hamatus, but are much larger.

Mytitus aucosus. T. transversa, subcylindrica, elliptico- triangularis, valdé corrosa, epidermide tenui, intensé smaragdino induta; margine dorsali angulato, posticé ad marginem ventra- lem rectum parallelo; latere postico rotundato ; fastigio umbonali tumido, obtuso; cardine edentulo: intus punicea. Long. 12; lat. 8; alt. 2 poll. Hab. South Seas.

The slender cylindrical form, very dark green epidermis and interior coloration are good diagnostic characters.

Myritus trossutus. ‘T. parva, elongata, subarcuata, nitida, coracina, subtus coerulea; umbonibus remotis excurvatis, 5-den- ticulatis; marginibus sub-parallelis; margine ligamentali ad- scendente, recto, angulato; fastigio umbonali tumido, obtuso ; intus cretato, limbo atro; cicatrice palleali lineari. Long. 1}; alt. 12; lat. 4 poll. Hab. Killimook, Puget Sound, Oregon.

It is more slender and more cylindrical than M. edulis ; the dorsal wing is less elevated, the posterior slope rectilinear ; the color is more glossy jet-black and without radiations, and there is a difference in the form of the muscular impression.

95

Myrtitus (Modiolarca) pusitnus. ‘T. parva, transversa, sub- cylindrica, ovalis, solida, concentricé striata ; marginibus sub- parallelis ; latere antico truncato, angulo ventrali obtuso ; latere postico laté rotundato ; umbonibus tumidis, subterminalibus, con- tortis; colore cinereo, vel rubro-tincto. Long. 4; alt. 4 poll. Hab. Terra del Fuego.

This curious little shell is interesting from its being a repre- sentative from the southern seas of a form not uncummon in northern waters.

PecTeN caurinus. ‘TT. trigono-orbicularis, haud crassa, ine- quivalvis, sub-equilateralis ; valva superior convexiuscula, rubra, striis concentricis tenuibus insculpta, costis humilibus rotundatis vel interdum sub-duplicatis ad 20 ornatis: valva inferior convexa, alba, versus marginem rubricans, radiis ad 22 elevatis, quadratis, longitrorsum striatis ; natibus rosaceis compressis ; auribus trans- versis, sub-equalibus, radiatim striatis: intus lactea, rosaceo fim- briata. Long. 22; lat. 245 alt. 1 poll. Hab. Port Townsend, Admiralty Inlet, Oregon.

Of the size and aspect of P. maximus and Magellanicus. The lower valve has the ribs like P. Jacobaus, only they are not furrowed.

Pecten uHeERicius. T. rotundato-triangularis, equilateralis, equivalvis ; valvis convexis, sub-tumidis: valva superior rosea, lineis exilibus concentricis exasperata, et costis ad 24 angulatis, alternis majoribus et spinis erectis fornicatis insculpta: valva inferior pallidior colore saturatiori zonata, costis sub-equalibus spiniferis armata ; natibus acutis, prominentibus ; auribus obli- quis valdé inequalibus radiatim squamoso-striatis ; intus porcel- lana; marginibus crenulatis, rosaceis. Long. 44 ; alt. 14; lat. 42 poll. Hab. Straits of De Fuca, Oregon.

A very beautiful species, much like P. pallium beneath, but remarkable for the distant ranges of elevated spines on the alternate ribs, the intervening ones being quite depressed, and with merely fine squamous striz, like the rest of the surface.

Pecten Letus. ‘T. ovato-triangularis, ventricosa, equivalvis, diluté rosea albo 5-—6-radiata: margine ligamentali obliquo, auriculis valdé inequalibus, obliquis; auricula byssica profundé

96

fossato-emarginata, radiatim sulcato-costata, costis numerosis inequalibus arguté muriculataé ; intus albido-incarnata. Long. 14; alt. $; lat. 12 poll. Hab. New Zealand.

Of the same type as P. Islandicus, but is small, more convex, and the sculpture coarser; the groove separating the auricle

from the body of the shell is remarkably deep.

OstrEA circumsuta. ‘T. solida, elongata, ovata, cinerea, ine- quivalvis, marginibus undulatis : valva superior denticulis radian- tibus marginalibus in foveis sub-marginalibus valve inferioris aptantibus: area cardinalis triangularis, contorta, longitrorsum fossata: interior alba, limbo violacescente. Long. 14; lat 1 poll. Hab. Feejee and Samoa Islands.

The distinctive characters are the denticles, about twice as long as broad, around the entire margin, tinged with violet. In young specimens the purple coloring is wanting.

OstTREA MorDAX. ‘TT. petrosa, angusta, lunata: valva inferior concava, digitis triangularibus erectis fuscescentibus marginata : valva superior minor, planulata, margine profundé sinuato et gran- ulato, sinibus cum digitis coaptantibus: interior albida, olivaceo- maculata ; cicatrice elongata, valde incrassata, nigra: area cardi- nalis planulata, lata. Long. 2; lat. 1 poll. Hab. Feejee Islands.

The horizontal digitations of the upper valve fitting into the erect canine teeth of the lower valve, together with the denticles within, and the black elevated cicatrix, may serve to identify this _ species. The upper valve fits so deeply and so closely into the lower that it is nearly impossible to separate them without fracture.

OsTREA GLOMERATA. ‘TT. crescentica, lata, sinistrorsum arcu- ata, solidiuscula, planulata, scabriuscula, laminis dentatis prope marginem foliata, nigricans et albo-radiata ; margine undulato: interior alba; fovea apicali profunda ; cicatrice nigricante ; mar- ginibus aut simplicibus aut lineolatis et propé cardinem granula- tis; limbo corticali purpureo et viridi variegato. Long. et lat. 2 poll. Hab. New Zealand.

This may possibly have been described, though no figure or description answers to the specimens I have seen. O. spathulata and denticulata correspond most nearly. ‘The deep umbonal pit

97

of the lower valve, its dark frilled upper margin, and the few denticles near the hinge are among its peculiarities.

OstREA DIscOoIDEA. ‘T. subcircularis, planulata, tenuis, pur- purea: valva superior striis crebris albidis radiata; valva infe- rior major, radiatim plicoso-rugosa; colore saturatiori: cavositas parva, argentata, purpureo-marginata; margine prope apicem plicoso-crenulato. Long. 14; lat. 2 poll. Had. ?

The characters of the single specimen of this delicate and well-formed oyster are so diverse from all others, that notwith- standing the usual inconstancy of form in this genus, I think it may be safely pronounced new. ‘The small, purple-striped West India Oyster (O. Brasiliana) is similar to it.

TEREBRATULA CAURINA. ‘T. parva, fusco-cinerea, transversa, convexiuscula ; quincuncialiter punctata, costis angulatis ad 12 interdum bifurcatis radiata ; margine ventrali circulari, flexuoso ; apice acuto, rectangulari; lateribus rectilinearibus, incumbenti- bus; rostro bervi, vix curvato; foramine circulari, interrupto: apophysis branchialis tenuissima, angustata. Long. 3; lat. 12; alt. + poll. Hab. Puget Sound.

T. australis is closely allied, but is more elongated and more convex ; the beak is also elongated and the ribs are less promi- nent.

TEREBRATULA PATAGONICA. TT. parva, solidula, albida, ovato- triangularis, sub-trilobata, quincuncialiter punctata: valva oper- cularis plana: valva major convexa, sub-gibbosa, costis tribus medianis et utrinque costis quinque divaricantibus ornata ; ros- tro brevi, marginibus inflectis; foramine magno, rotundato: apophysis branchialis exilis. Long. 4+; lat. 4; alt. 4 poll. Had. Coast of Patagonia.

A smaller and less transverse species than the preceding, and the disposition of the ribs is quite different. It is also closely related to 7. australis, but differs from it in the same respects.

TEREBRATULA PULVINATA. TT. tenuis, lenticularis, orbiculato- trigona, albida, quincuncialiter punctata: valva minor convexa, latior quam longa, marginibus lateralibus rectis: valva major

13

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convexior, zque longa ac lata; apice rectangulari, truncato, lateribus incumbentibus ; foramine modico, circulari : apophysis branchialis tenuissima, reflexa, incumbens. Diam. 3; alt. } poll. Hab. Puget Sound, Oregon.

It has the same form and color and surface as 7% vitrea, but is more rounded in front, the incurved areas of the beaks much broader and flatter, the ligament aperture larger, &c. Like other species of the genus, it varies much in form, some being quite globose, while others are compressed.

Macrra pesitis. T. parva, alba, tenuis, transversa, elongato- ovata, anticé ovata, postice acuta, valdé hians; valvis tumidis, postice compressis; umbonibus eminentibus acutis, antemedia- nis: cardo debilis; dente V-formi parvo; dentibus lateralibus curtis, acutis. Long. 13; alt. 1; lat. 4 poll. Hab. Singapore.

A very delicate species, resembling in all its outlines small specimens of Mya arenaria.

BULLA PARALLELA. T. parva, tenuis, cylindracea, lactea, antice rotundata, postice conica, imperforata, longitud. minutissime striata, ad verticem et ad basim striis undulatis decussata: apertura angusta, deorsum dilatata ; columella callo haud appresso induté ; labro ultra spiram adscendente, tunc deorsum intorto. Long. 3%; lat. + poll. Hab. ?

Smaller and thinner than LB. solidula, though striated at the ends like it, and having the same conformation of the lip. Its sides are parallel.

TORNATELLA BULLATA. TT. parva, ovata, tenuis, albida, epidermide stramineo fugacissimo induta, spiraliter suleata, suleis linearibus ad 5 ordinatim dispositis in singulis anfractibus: spira prominula, turrita; anfr. 5 tabulatis, ultimo magno, ventricoso, 15-suleato, supernis planulatis; sutura canaliculata: apertura semilunaris; columella uniplicata, planulata. Long. ¢; lat. % poll. Dredged off Patagonia.

This little species like 7. puncto-striata and 7. venusta, to which it is allied, has not the ivory surface of most species. It is well characterized by its form and sculpture.

Harroris crispara. T. parva, tenuis, convexa, elongato-

:

$)8)

ovalis, undulis obliquis angulatis divaricantibus rugata, spiraliter striata, rubida: spira elevata, submediana; foraminibus parvis, circularibus, confertis, ad septenis perviis, extrorsum canaliculatis ; intus undulosa, nitida, argentea. Long. 13; lat. % poll. With New Holland shells.

About the size and form of 1. stomatie-formis, Rv., but dis- tinguished by its crowded angular ripples, arranged somewhat like the colors on HH. ziczac. No shell approaches it in this re- spect except the very young of //. australis.

SCALARIA GRACILENTA. ‘T. minuta, gracilis, elongato-turrita, alba, costis longitudinalibus tenuibus ad 16 clathrata, spiraliter inter costas striata, imperforata: spira anfr. 9 cylindraceis, contiguis ; sutura profunda: apertura circularis, ab anfractu penultimo haud sejuncta; labro continuo, reflexo, posticé et ad columellz basim dilatato. Long. }; lat. 5 poll. Hab. Mangsi Island.

One of the most delicate and slender species of the genus, re- sembling the figure of S. gracilis, Sowb., but agreeing still more in its characters with his S. twurricula.

SCALARIA TEXTURATA. ‘'T. parva, tenuis, elongato-turrita, rubescens, sub-perforata: spira anfr. 8 rotundatis, fere solutis, costis novem albidis elevatis reflexis superne spinosis clathrata, et striolis inter costas confertissime texturata: apertura circularis. Lat. 1; alt. $ poll. Had. ?

A very pretty slender species, and well characterized by the numerous striz between the ribs forming a delicate network. It is allied to S. turricula, Sowb., which has only revolving lines, is less conical, and the whorls are less rounded.

Lirrorina cinota. T. parva, rudis, conico-globosa, fuliginosa, interdum albido-zonata, costulis elevatis rotundatis ordinatis cincta, interspatiis excavatis et minutissime decussatim striatis: spire conica, acuta; anfr. 5 ventricosis, ultimo ampullaceo; sutura bene impressa : apertura ampla, subcircularis ; labro acuto fusco- marginato ; columella alba, planulata, ad basim expansa. Axis 8; diam. 4 poll. Hab. Puget Sound.

More globular and proportionally shorter than any described species. Generally resembles LZ. striata, but is still less elon-

100

gated, less solid, and has: the ribs larger and less numerous, and its color more dusky. It may be compared with L. breviculus.

The preceding descriptions were originally published in the Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History, under the following dates, beginning with —

Page 1. Chiton lignosus . . : - . Vol. If. 142. July, 1846. “ 11. Siphonaria cornuta : - : se 153. Aug. 1846. “19. Helix pusilla . : : : é a 171. Sept. 1846. ‘“« 24. Helix subtilissima . - - : a 177. Nov. 1846. “ 33. Partula conica . - ; : : a 196. Mar. 1847. “41. Ancylus aduneus . : : : os 210. June, 1847. “46. Melania bulbosa ; 3 ; : es 225. July, 1847. “ 50. Natica algida . : ; : - Vol. III. 73. Nov. 1848. “652. Littorina patula - : - ’ e 83. Mar, 1849, “ 57. Trochus bicrenatus - - : ee 106. Apr. 1849. “ 59. Trochus tantillus ; 5 : : 118. May, 1849. “ 71. Columbella valga . . : ° ‘¢ 169. Jan. 1850, “ 73. Pholas patula . : : : : 4 214. May, 1850. “ 78. Erycina quadrata . ; ; ; « 252. June, 1850. “ 83. Cardita ventricosa . : : - ‘ 276. July, 1850. “ 86. Cyclas egregia é : : : ‘ 292. Nov. 1850. “ 93. Mytilus flabellatus . : ; : ee 348. Dec. 1850.

“ 98. Bulla parallela ; - : - Vol, Ul. 251. Aug. 1847.

SHELLS

OF THE

NORTH PACIFIC EXPLORING EXPEDITION, COMMANDERS RINGGOLD AND RODGERS;

MOSTLY COLLECTED

BY WILLIAM STIMPSON.

SUCCINEA LAUTA. Testa magna, tenuis, plerumque S. obli- que similis, sed posticé tumidior, ad apicem minus acuta. Long. zp; lat. 355 poll. On shrubbery at Hakodadi (Isl. Jesso).

A very large, thin shell, most like S. obliqua, Say. W. S.

VITRINA IMPERATOR. TT. magnifica, fragilis, ventricosa, epi- dermide rigida fuscescente induta, obsolete spiraliter striata ; anfr. 3+. Apertura ampla subcircularis, ad columellam vix incras- sata. Axis #; diam. 14 poll.

Inhabits Hong Kong in ravines near summits of hills. W. S.

By far the largest species yet described; approximates closely to H. ampulla, Bens.

Herrx tata. Testa tenuis, lucida, subglobosa, viridi-cornea, vitta rufa ad peripheriam et altera prope suturam ornata ; anfr. 5 ventricosis, striis volventibus tenuissimis. Apertura magna, sub- circularis, peristomate modico, everso, ad umbilicum magis reflexo.

Axis 1; diam. 1} poll.

TInhabits Hakodadi on bushes and shrubs. W. S.

General outline not unlike HZ. pomatia.

HeEix Lapitis. ‘T. parva, tenuis, nitida, succinea, depressa, lenticularis ; ad peripheriam acuta; subtus convexa, polita, arcte

102

umbilicata; anfr. 5 convexiusculis. Apertura transversa, anguste lunaris, columella verticalis. Axis 74; diam. } poll. Inhabits Hakodadi, among dead leaves, in woods. W. S. Very nearly allied to Al. misella.

Heitx puruta. T. minuta, ovato-conica, levis, succinea, infra convexa, indentata; anfr. 6+ tabulatis, ad peripheriam ob- tus angulatis. Apertura transversa, lunata; labro simplici, colu- mella recta, reflexé. Axis ad } poll.

Among dead leaves in woods, Hakodadi (Isl. Jesso). W. S.

Very much like our chersina, or the European fulva.

Herrx pauper. T. parva, discoidea, rufo-cornea, striis in- erementi costulata, subtus calyculata; anfr. 44 convexiusculis ; sutura profunda. Apertura perobliqua, prona, rotundata ; peris- tomate simplici. Diam. %;; axis } poll. On dead wood in thick- ets, Petropaulski, Kamtschatka, also Hakodadi (Isl. Jesso). W.S.

Allied to HZ. rotundata and perspectiva. Probably the same noted by Middendorff as AZ. ruderata of Europe.

HELIX OPERCULINA. Testa tenuis, depressissima, rufo-cornea ; anfr. 5 coneavo-convexis, ad peripheriam acutissime carinatis, marginatis ; subtus concava deinde convexa. Apertura angustis- sima, sigmoidea, peristomate vix reflexo. Axis 74; diam. ;%; poll.

Inhabits Peel Isl. (Bonin Is.) Mr. Wright.

An exceedingly depressed species, looking much like the oper- cle of some Trochus.

Hertix sQuarrosa. Testa planorboidea, squarrosa, ochra- ceo-cornea, subtus pallidior, convexa, late umbilicata ; anfr. 6 con- vexiusculis, ad peripheriam subangulatis. Apertura parva, an- gusta, lunata ; peristomate simplici, ad columellam reflexo.

Diam. 58; axis 345 poll. (probably immature.)

Ousima (Japan), among stones on hill sides. W. S.

Well distinguished by its large deep umbilicus, ochreous color, and rough, scaly surface. Allied to Shanghaiensis.

NANINA PISOLINA. ‘Testa fragilis, vitrea, levis, mellita, orbic- ularis, subtus convexior, imperforata; anfr. 33 depressis, ad peripheriam rotundatis. Apertura lunata, labro ubique simplici.

103

Diam. 4; axis } poll. Cape of Good Hope (°?) A small globular species unlike any one I have found de- scribed. —

Sub-gen. CoritLa, H. & A. Adams (emendatus). Testa pla- norboidea, plerumque sinistrorsa, plus minusve distorta, arcte spi- rata, subtus concava; fauce in fundo denticulis compressis feré occluso, quorum uno spe ad aperturam producto; peristomate incrassato, reflexo.

C. puLvinaris. T. utrinque concava, cornea, striis incrementi conspicuis insculpta; anfr.ad 7 (subtus 5) ultimo demum deflecto. Apertura lunata admodum campanulata, peristomate flexuoso, satis reflexo ; denticulis in fauce ad 9, haud productis.

Diam. #; axis 4 poll.

Hong Kong, high up in the ravines ; also near Canton. W. S.

Almost precisely of the size and shape of H. refuga, Gould, but that is reversed and has a lamina running to the aperture.

s

STREPTAXIS SINENSIS. Testa obliqua, polita, virescens, spira depressa, ovoidea, anfr. 7 acutis, sutura profunda minute crenu- lata. Apertura obliqua, semi-ovalis, verticalis, lamella unica pala- tali munita ; peristomate flexuoso, reflexo; columella recta ; um- bilico amplo. Axis 58; diam. } poll. Inhabits Hong Kong.

Differs from S. Souleyetana in its smaller size, smooth surface, flexuous lip, and more elongated aperture.

CLAUSILIA PRECLARA. ‘Testa sinistrorsa, clavato-fusiformis ad apicem producta, dilut carnea, liris conspicuis clathrata ; anfr. 11 ultimo angustato, trientem long. testes adequante. Apertura pyriformis, antice sub-canaliculata ; peritremate albo satis reflexo ad anfr. ultimum haud coadnato; lamina palatali elevata, tenui, 1. columellari conspicué, duplici, contorta, lamellis 4 tenuibus ad interspatium, extus apparentibus. Axis 1; diam. max. } poll.

Inhabits Loochoo. W. 5S.

Allied to valida, insignis, &c., but most like pluviatilis on ac- count of its aperture.

ALYC&HUS PILULA. Testa parva, ovato-conica, imperforata, rufescens, striis numerosis (sub lente) cincta; anfr. 4 rotundatis, ultimo constricto ; suturaé profundaé. Apertura circularis, anfrac-

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tum proximum vix attigens; fauce valde contracto; peristomate

modicé reflexo ; fistula suturali exili valde appressa. Operculum

corneum, arcteé spirale, apice centrali. Axis }; diam. + poll. Inhabits Hong Kong, China. W. S.

t=)

Cyrciotus riotvus. ‘T. planorboidea, rudis, rubiginosa, sub- tus late et profunde umbilicata; anfr. 4 rotundatis, sutura sim- plici, impressé. Apertura circularis, anfractum proximum haud amplectens ; labro simplici. Diam. 3; axis 1 poll.

Inhabits Loochoo. W. S.

In form and general aspect greatly resembling Oyel. suturalis, Sowb., but is smaller, and has a simple suture.

CycLOSTOMA BARBATA. ‘T. parva, ovato-conica, rufo-cornea, liris numerosis volventibus et striis incrementi tenuibus lamellosis decussata, decussationibus barbam gerentibus; anfr. 5 rotun- datis, sutura canaliculata. Apertura postice subangulata ; peris- tomate simplici, vix expanso ; umbilico modico, profundo.

Diameters } inch. Inhabits Ousima. W. S.

Two of the ridges on the outer whorl and one on the others are more conspicuous than the rest.

CYCLOSTOMA CITHARELLA. ‘T. parva, subglobosa, tenuis, rufa, laminis incrementi tenuibus ornata, ad peripheriam prope aperturam biangulata, satis umbilicata. Apertura circularis, peristomate simplici anfractum proximum tantum attigente. Operculum subrotundum, paucespiratum, margine attenuato.

Diameters $ inch. Inhabits Ousima.

Were it not for the operculum, it might be mistaken for Helix harpa, Say.

CycLosToMA MusIVA. ‘T. ovato-conica, cornea, radiatim rufo- strigata, subtus ad peripheriam rufo-tessellata, modice umbilicata, striis volventibus ad 5 arata, lineis incrementi conspicuis decus- sata; anfr. 5 rotundatis, sutura canaliculata. Apertura rotun- data, peristomate simplici. Axis +; diam. + inch.

Inhabits —? (probably Japan).

The surface is conspicuously and beautifully relieved by the decussating lines.

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The preceding three species form a peculiar group near to Cyclostoma proper, characterized by the thin paucispiral opercle with thin edges, the globose conic form, free umbilicus, nearly circular peristome which barely touches the preceding whorl, and the projecting lamellar striz of growth decussating with revolving ridges, in some’ eases furnished with epidermal barbs. It may be called JAPONIA.

HELICINA VERECUNDA. T. pyramidato-lenticularis, spiraliter minutissimé striata, luteo-virens ad apicem rubescens, ad_peri- pheriam subangulata, subtus convexa, admodum callosa; anfr. 4 planulatis. Apertura ovata-triangularis; peristomate evaso, albido, ad columellam rectam angulariter juncto.

Axis +; diam. } inch. Inhabits Loo Choo.

Belongs to the group of which JH. striatula is a type.

SUCCINEA LYRATA. TT. ovata, solidula, luteo-virens, unda- tellis flexuosis lyrata; anfr. tribus ventricosis, apice obtuso. Apertura ovata, columella vix flexuosa callo perexiguo induta. Axis 4; diam. } poll.

Near the sea-shore, Loo Choo. W. S.

A small ovate species, quite remarkable for its lyrate surface.

AvricuLa (Leuconia, Gray) opportTUNA. T. parva, ellip- soidea, solida, livido-albida, levis ; anfr. 6 ad suturam imbricato- appressis. Apertura falcata, postice acutissima, antice rotundata ; labio lamella compressa elevata mediana et lamella duplici anti- cali obliqua instructo; labro simplici. Long. 8 millim.; diam. 4 millim.

Inhabits Loo Choo Is. W. S.

OMPHALOTROPIS sTRICTUS. T. elongata, ovato-conica, solid- ula, levis, arcte umbilicata; anfr. 6 rotundatis ad suturam tabu- latis. Apertura ovata, peritremate simplici continuo, sed postice ad ventrem retracto; umbilico cariné inconspicuaé approximata cincto. Axis +; diam. $ poll.

On old stone walls, Loo Choo. W.S.

One of the smallest species yet described, with a very small perforation, and a faint keel around it at a very short distance.

LIMNzZA OLLULA. ‘T. parva, tenuis, ovata, viridi-cornea, im- polita; anfr. 44, ultimo ventricoso. Apertura rotundato-oyata ;

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columella simplici, postice callo lato indutaéa. Axis }; diam. 3 poll. ue Streams and marshes on Hong Kong Island. (Wright.) Very much like a small LZ. modicella.

AncyLus GAuLus. T. oblique pyramidata, apice ad quad- rantem posteriorem longitudinis, dextrorsum inclinato, obtuso ; epidermide luteo-corneé, superne fused. Apertura rotundato- ovata, intus plumbea. Long. 4; lat. 3; alt. 5 poll.

Inhabits Cape of Good Hope. W. S.

A solid, well rounded species,. without any salient characters.

PLANORBIS SPIRILLUS. T. parva, discoidea, utrinque concava, tenuis viridi-cornea, plerumque liris ad quatuor prope aperturam instructa ; anfr. 3-++ utrinque apparentibus, sutura impressa. Apertura ampla, perobliqua, lata, lunata. Diam. %; alt. 5'5 poll.

Inhabits Ousima. W. S.

Very like to P. albus and deflectus ; perhaps the same that Middendorff refers to under the former name, as from Kam- tschatka. ;

SEGMENTINA LUCIDA. TT. parva, tenuis, orbicularis, dilute cornea, radiatim viridi-lineata, supra fornicata, infra poculiformis, vix perforata; anfr. 4, ultimo lato, declivi; sutura impressa. Apertura ampla, postice acuta, antice rotundata ; fauce denticulis armati. Alt. =4,; lat. 4 poll.

Inhabits Loo Choo. W. S.

Smaller and more elevated than the following, with quite a different surface and color.

SeGMENTINA UsTA. T. depressa, orbicularis, concavo-convexa, nitida, umbrina, late umbilicata; anfr. 6, apicalibus arctissimis, excavatis, ultimo amplo, declivi; sutura canaliculata. Apertura perobliqua, anguste lunata; fauce in fundo quadridentata. Alt. ys; diam. 5 poll.

Inhabits Loo Choo Islands. W. S.

Resembles in color S. Largillierti, which is larger, less pol- ished, more largely umbilicated.

PALUDINA HIsTRICA. T. ovato-conica, variabilis, tenuis, stri- atula, rufo-cornea ; anfr. 6 ventricosis, posticé tabulatis, ultimo ad peripheriam subangulato, albido; sutura profunda. Apertura

"PS

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rotundato-ovata, subeffusa; peristomate simplici, nigrescente, um- bilicum parvum subtegente. Dimens. 1X? poll.; 14, poll. etc. \

Ditches in paddy-fields, Ousima and Loo Choo. W. 8.

BirHYNIA DIVALIs. T. minuta, imperforata, ovato-conica, solidula, levis, olivacea; anfr. 3-++ ventricosis, ultimo permagno. Apertura parva, ovata, verticalis ; peritremate continuo ad colu- mellam flexuoso. Axis =2,;; diam. 53, poll.

Inhabits China, vicinity of Canton. Mr. Bowring.

The genus is somewhat equivocal. It has an operculum more like that of a true Paludina than of any other genus.

ASSIMINEA DEBILIS. T. globoso-conica, solidula, luteo-cornea, arcte umbilicata; anfr. 5 tabulatis, ultimo ad peripheriam sub- angulato. Apertura rotundato-ovata, peritremate continuo, vix incrassato. Alt. 3%; diam. ;5, poll.

Loo Choo Is. W.S.

Paler and less solid than any other described species ; more elongated than the following, and differing in color.

ASSIMINEA RUBIDA. ‘T. ovato-conica, solida, impolita, stra- minea aurantiaco tincta, perforata; anfr. 6 rotundatis, sutura profundaé. Apertura parvula, pyriformis, peritremate continuo. Alt. 7; diam. 5% poll.

Inhabits Loo Choo, on beaches. W. S. ,

Rather smailer than the preceding, and distinguished by its color and solidity.

MELANIA LIBERTINA. T. elongata, turrita, truncata, luteo- cornea, hic illic fuscata, lineis volventibus antice insculpta ; anfr. d-++ convexiusculis. Apertura elongata tortuosa, labro albo pos- tice sinuato, antice in canalem obtusam producto; fauce livida. Long. 14; lat. 4 poll.

Simoda and Ousima, in sluggish streams and ditches. W. S.

Generally resembles J. Virginica and indefinita, Lea, which has a more lax and elongated spire. The grooving varies, and in some specimens is nearly wanting.

MELANIA GRACILINA. TT. subulata, truncata, imperforata, tenuis, levis, olivacea, sulcis acutis remotis cincta; anfr. 7-+-

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convexiusculis, posticis attenuatis, ad suturam maculis fuscis seepe ornatis. Apertura anguste ovalis, vix effusa; fauce livida. Long. 1; lat. 4 poll.

Inhabits Taheiti, common in streams.

Belongs to the peculiar subulate group of Polynesia; peculiar by its grooves and the dots near the suture.

Merania poLorosa. ‘T. elongata, solida, levis vel striis raris cincta, picea; anfr. 6+- rotundatis, ultimo bulboso. Aper- tura ovato-rotundata, vix producta; columella arcuata, lactea ; fauce cerulea. Long. ?; lat. } poll.

In streams near Hakodadi. Wright.

Principally noticeable for its sombre appearance, usually in- crusted by a rusty, felt-like coating, so as to obscure its true surface.

NERITELLA PUELLA. ‘T. parva, oblique ovata ad ventrem planulata, levis, viridescens, lineis angulatis fuscis et interdum fasciis articulatis ornata; anfr. 3, ultimo amplo. Apertura parva, labro producto, columella callo copioso induta, minutissime dentic- ulata. Lat. max. 7, min. 5 millim.

Inhabits Loo Choo. W. S.

Nearly of the shape and size of NV. viridis, the spire being less prominent, and the aperture smaller.

NeRITELLA (Clithon) penrcmttaTa. T. ovato-globosa, obli- qua, levis, Viridis lineolis luteis undulatis obliquis ubique ornata ; anfr. 3+ ad trientem posteriorem angulo instructis spinas tenues tubulosas ad sex armato. Apertura ampla, labro producto acuto, labio simplici, lutescente ; fauce cerulescente. Axis +85; diam. 4 poll.

Inhabits New Ireland. Lieut. Van Wycke.

Distinguished from most spinous species by its smooth surface, and from all by its delicate lineations.

Nerita pica. T. parva, tenuis, oblique ovato-globosa, rudis anthracina maculis parvis multiformibus albis ornata. Spira haud elevata. Apertura semicircularis, labro simplici nigro marginata ; columella excavata, nitida, flavescente, edentata. Operculum virescens, granulatum. Axis +4, ; diam. } poll.

Inhabits Simoda, very common on rocks.

Ce

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A small, prettily marked species, remarkable for its destitution of grooves, granules, folds, and denticles.

NATIcA SEVERA. T. ovato-globosa, solida, impolita, rufo- cinerea ; anfr. 4 ventricosis postice quadratis, apice fusco. Aper- tura ovata, labro postice tenui, antice sensim incrassato, ad colu- mellam rotundato; umbilico magno, clavo fere impleto. Axis 1,8; diam 1,3, poll.

Inhabits Hakodadi Bay. W.S.

From its form and exterior it might be taken for JV. heros, but it has a very different umbilicus, resembling MW. unifasciata.

Natica russa. TT. imperforata, ovato-globosa, tenuis, levis, epidermide tenui ceriné induta; anfr. 4 ventricosis postice quad- ratis. Apertura ovata, subeffusa, labro tenui, umbilico callo com- presso albo obstructo. Operculum osseum. Axis 18 millim. ; diam. 16 millim.

Arctic Ocean. W. S.

Like JV. clausa, but larger, the whorls more broadly shoul- dered, the umbilical region more concave and more perfectly closed by callus than in any shell of that species I have seen.

Natica PUERILIS. T. parva, ovata, solida, polita, epider- mide tenuissima straminea induta; anfr. 4 tribus apicalibus par- vis eburnatis ; sutura obscura; facie ventrali planulataé umbilico semicirculari perforataé plerumque callo impleto. Apertura semi- ovalis, postice rotundata; labro acuto. Operculum corneum ru- bidum. Axis 4; diam. @ poll.

Inhabits Porto Praya. W. S.

Resembles NV. glabella and N. nitida. It is, however, more elongated, and less flattened on the face.

GENA DILECTA. ‘T. parva, tenuis, elongato-ovalis, nitida, luteo-virens maculis albis trigonis nigro apicatis interdum serial- ibus ornata, striis incrementi et striis spiralibus profundioribus decussata ; anfr. 3, apice fere terminali. Apertura angusta, ova- lis faciem ventralem fere adequans; intus nitidé virescens. Long. 8 millim.; lat. 4 millim.

Inhabits Hakodadi Bay, on shells, &e. W. S.

Very delicate and slender, allied to G. planulata, a much

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larger species, and G. strigosa, of which it may possibly be the young.

VANICORO SCALARINA. ‘T. ovato-globosa, tenuis, alba, costis remotis elevatis imbricantibus lyrata et filis volventibus decus- sata; anfr. 4 ventricosis bene discretis. Apertura ampla rotun- dato-ovata anfractum penultimum vix attigens, labro effuso, labio recto retracto ; umbilico amplo infundibuliformi costa marginato. Long. 10 millim. ; lat. 8 millim.

Found at Loo Choo. W. 5S.

Like V. Gueriniana, but differs in its sharper compressed ribs, which stop short at the umbilical ridge.

Fossarus ToRNATILIS. T. solida, ovato-globosa, cinerea ; anfr. 5, ultimo magno ventricoso costis elevatis recumbentibus alter- natim sx#pe minoribus ad 12 cincto (alteris tricinctis) et lineis conspicuis incrementi clathrato ; sutura canaliculaté. Apertura semicircularis fere sejuncta; umbilico elongato, plicato. Axis 5 millim.; diam. 4 millim.

Hong Kong harbor, 10 faths. W. S.

Much like /. costatus. Without the animal or operculum it is impossible to say that this shell does not belong to the genus Vanicoro.

PAXILLUS TANTILLUS. T. minuta, cornea, pupzformis, inor- nata; anfr. 6 ventricosis. Apertura circularis, labio semicirculari, incrassato, ventre callo expanso copioso induto; canali antico obliquo curto. Axis 1.25; diam. .75 millim. Inhabits Hong Kong. W.S.

PaxitLus Ltyratus. T. parva, pupeformis, gibbosa, flavido- virens, apice levi, alibi laminis erectis longitudinalibus lyrata ; anfr. 7 ventricosis, penultimo ampliore ; sutura profunda. Aper- tura subcircularis, anticé acuta, ventre callo copioso firmato ; labro duplici, lateraliter viso flexuoso. Axis 3 mill.; diam. 1.5 millim. Inhabits Loo Choo Islands. W. S.

LirroriIna vipua. ‘TT. parva, ovato-conica, intense olivacea et omnino flavido concinne tessellata, striis transversis insculpta 5 anfr. 5 ventricosis declivibus. Apertura pyriformis, columella incarnata ; labro intus lineato. Axis 7 millim.; diam. 4 millim.

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Inhabits Ousima. Very regular in form, and the reticulations are only seen on close inspection.

BULLA VERNICOSA. 'T. ovato-globosa, solida, laevigata, late perforata, cinereo cum rufo variegata et fasciis 4 macularum fus- carum interdum angulatarum cincta. Apertura angusta, labro recto vix inflecto rufo marginato; fauce porcellana. Axis 1.3 poll.; diam. .8 poll. Inhabits Loo Choo Islands. W. 5.

Very shining, less inflated and narrower aperture than B. am- pulla ; more globose and more polished than b. australis.

ATYS MUSCARIA. ‘T. minuta, ovato-elliptica, tenuis, virescens, punctis fuscis transversim dispositis ornata, striis utrinque in- sculpta; vertice infundibuliformi imperforato. Apertura angusta, antice effusa; labro retrorsum producto, dentigero; columella brevi, torta. Axis 4 millim.; diam. 2 millim.

Inhabits China Seas. W. S.

ATYS PORCELLANA. ‘T. parva, tenuis, ovato-cylindracea, lac- tea, striis transversis remotis utroque crescentibus arata; apice vorticiformi imperforato. Apertura angusta antrorsum amplians, basi subtruncato; columella profunde arcuata callo valde munita subperforata. Axis 12; diam. 5 millim.

Inhabits Kagosima Bay. W. S.

HAMINEA ANGUSTA. T. parva, tenuis, ovato-cylindracea an- trorsum ampliata, obtuse rotundata, flavo-virens, striis transversis insculpta; vertice oblique truncato subperforato. Apertura an- trorsum ampliata ; columella haud excavata, plica et callo carente. Axis 6; diam. 4 millim. Inhabits Simoda. W. S.

Resembles in size and form H. ambiqua.

PHILINE VITREA. T. modica, fragilis, vitrea, pellucida, irides- cens, rotundato-ovata, depressa, undulis concentricis sinuatis notata ; apice opaco vix indentato anfractum unicum exhibente. Apertura amplissima; labro postice rotundato; columella acuta absque plica, interiorem teste patefaciente. Axis 10; diam. 8 ; alt. 3 millim. Dredged at Hong Kong. W. S.

PHILINE ARGENTATA. TT. ovato-quadrata, compressa, tenuis- sima, lucida, talcosa, concentricé undulata et lineis transversis argentatis insculpta; apice indentato calloso, labro postice laté

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exstante, antice subtruncato; plicad columellari obvid. Axis 6 mill. ; diam. 5 millim. Inhabits Hakodadi Bay, in sandy mud, 2-6 fathoms. W. S.

Very much like P. seutulum, Loven, except in its sculpture. Distinguished from P. vitrea by its off-standing lip and silvery grooves.

TORNATINA APICINA. ‘T. minuta, cylindracea, elongata, alba, lineis incrementi tenuissimis insculpta; apice mammillata ; anfr. 4, sutura canaliculata. Apertura ? long. teste, perangusta ; plica columellari obsoleta ; labro lateraliter viso arcuato. Axis 3 millim.; diam. 2 millim. Inhabits Sydney Harbor. W. S.

The aperture is broader and the pillar fold less definite than in 7. fusiformis.

CyLICHNA VILLICA. ‘T. minuta, ovato-cylindracea utroque subconica, albo et ferrugineo cincta, lineis volventibus insculpta et postice concinne plicata; vertice late perforato. Apertura angusta, labro vix apicem excedente ; columella subperforata, plica obsoleté. Axis 3; diam. 1.5 millim. China Seas. W. S.

CYLICHNA ELLIPSOIDEA. T. minuta, solida, elongato-elliptica eburnea, transversim striatula; apice involuto late umbilicato ; labro apicem vix excedente, late arcuato. Apertura perangusta, antice acuta; columella brevi, valida, plic& modica; ventre callo copioso induto. Axis 3 millim.; diam. 1-+-millim. Inhabits Loo Choo. W.S.

CYLICHNA REGULARIS. TT. satis magna, elliptica, elongata, alba, spiraliter insculpta, vertice obtuso late perforato. Apertura perangusta, admodum antice ampliata; columella incrassata, vix incurvata, imperforata; ventre calloso. Axis 9 millim.; diam. 4 millim. From Sydney harbor. W. S.

CyLIcHNA OPEROSA. TT. minuta, gracilis, cylindracea, vires- eens, polita, vel ad basim minutissime circumstriata ; vertice obtuso, amplissimé umbilicato. Apertura angusta, linearis; plica colu- mellari conspicua, haud perforata. Axis 4 millim.; diam. 1 millim. From Hong Kong harbor. W. S.

CyLicHNA L&TA. T. parva, ovata, elongata, lactea, nitida, transversim (sub lente) striata; vertice plerumque perforato.

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Apertura antrorsum ampliata; labro vix postice producto; col- umella profundé incurvata, imperforata ; plica satis conspicua. Axis 5 millim.; diam. 2 millim.

Inhabits Kagosima. W. S. A somewhat tumid, very sym- metrical species.

CYLICHNA PROTRACTA. ‘TT. satis magna, solida, cylindracea, ossea, spiraliter insculpta ; apice oblique truncato carinato crateri- formi perforato. Apertura angusta; labro recto postice angu- lato; columella curta, solida, valde plicaté. Axis 12 millim.; diam. 5 millim. Coast of China. W.S.

CyLicHNA TUBULOSA. T. modica, elongata, cylindracea, deor- sum sensim ampliata, albida, levis vel potius (sub lente) lineis volventibus insculpta; vertice oblique truncato crateriformi imper- forato. Apertura perangusta, linearis ; plica columellari conspicua. Axis 8 millim.; diam. vix 3 millim. Simon’s Bay, Cape of Good Hope. W.S. Allied to C. ¢nvoluta, A. Ad. but the outlines are more rectilinear.

CYLICHNA MELAMPOIDES. ‘TT. minima, solida, ovata, eburnea, polita, antice striis cincta; vertice obtuso, impresso, imperforato ; basi acute rotundato. Apertura antrorsum dilatata; labro vix reducto; columella curt, imperforata. Axis 4 millim.; diam. 2 millim. From China Seas. W. S.

CYLICHNA CONSOBRINA. TT. cylindracea, abbreviata, antice angustata, postice truncata, solidula, albida epidermide fugacis- simo induta, transversim striatula; vertice indentato, angulato. Apertura angusta, recta, labro ad apicem planulato; columella abbreviata, torta. Axis 6 millim.; diam. 2+ millim. Taken on the west coast of Jesso. L. M. Squires. Size and general form of C. triticea, but less rounded at extremities and pillar fold less obvious. (©. corticata, Miill. is nearly the same.

ACTON SECALE. ‘'T. parva, elongato-ovata, tenuis, straminea, postice polita vel linea subsuturali insculpta, antice striis puncta- tis cincta; anfr. 4 tabulatis ultimo 2 long. teste: apice obtuso. Apertura 3 long. testa vix superans, auriculata, postice acuta, antice bene rotundata ; columella conspicue torta. Axis 4 millim. ; diam. 2 millim. From the China Seas. W. S.

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Buccryutus strigosus. T. ellipsoidea, elongata, solidula, sulcis volventibus punctatis arata, interspatiis fusco et albido cate- natis, et fascia albida mediana, suturali et anticali ornata ; anfr. 5, ultimo 2 long. testee adequante. Apertura 2 long. teste, peran- gusta; columella profunde excavatéa. Axis 8 millim; diam. 3 millim. Inhabits Loo Choo and Kagosima. W. S.

Remarkable for its small size and slender form. Some speci- mens are much shorter than others and nearly without the slaty lines; so that the species appears